《杀戮演绎》是丹麦、英国、挪威合拍的2012年紀錄片,约书亚·奥本海默、克里斯蒂娜·辛恩与印度尼西亚匿名人士共同导演[1]。电影以各种好莱坞类型片风格重现1965至1966年印度尼西亚大屠杀刽子手的杀戮手段,探讨大屠杀对印度尼西亚社会的重大影响[1]。镜头下昔日小罪犯在反共浪潮下引领强大处决队,杀害五十到两百万疑似信奉、支持共产主义或有左派嫌疑的民众,甚至只要是华人就难逃一劫[2][3][4][5]。参与屠杀的人物手握实权,机构影响重大,始作俑者一直身居高位、倍受尊敬,无需承担任何代价[5][6]。这些刽子手不但把昔日行径合理化,而且把参与屠杀当成值得自豪的功绩吹嘘,奥本海默震惊之余决定用本片探讨近大屠杀过去近半个世纪后如何继续影响当今印尼人民的生活[7]。在他看来,本片最大的戏剧冲突在于政权一方面抹去屠杀痕迹,另一方面又大肆宣传甚至颂扬,令幸存者恐惧、为公众洗脑、让刽子手继续心安理得地享受生活[8]。
《杀戮演绎》2012年9月在科羅拉多州特柳赖德电影节首映,2013年7月9日在纽约公开首映[9][10][11]。电影的全球票房近50万美元,录像带销售进账110万美元[12]。影片在全世界范围普受好评,评论汇总网站爛番茄共统计本片160篇评论,认可度达九成五[13]。Metacritic统计33篇评论后打出平均分91(最高100),代表“一致好评”[14]。
影片获众多荣誉肯定,其中最常见的是最佳纪录片奖和奥本海默的导演奖,另有各种观众奖、特别奖,监制西涅·比约·索伦森、剪辑雅努斯·比利斯科夫·扬森和尼尔斯·帕赫·安德生均赢得肯定。英国电影和电视艺术学院、歐洲電影獎、羅伯獎授予本片最佳纪录片,电影艺术与科学学院、评论家选择电影奖、美国导演工会奖、獨立精神獎、国际纪录片协会给予提名。为保障人身安全,与奥本海默共同执导的印度尼西亚人士必须保持匿名,无法走到台前接受肯定。[15]
《杀戮演绎》在印度尼西亚无法公映,仅在地下场馆放映,但国际社会关注引来印尼媒体报道和对历史的探讨[16][17]。奥本海默上台接受英国电影学院奖时称本片令关注1965至1966年大屠杀的人增多,“有助于印尼改变对过去的看法”[15]。他还利用各大奖项平台呼吁世人关注英美两国对此次大屠杀“视而不见乃至助桀为虐”的“集体责任”[15]。影片入围奥斯卡最佳纪录片奖之际,《雅加达环球报》刊登印尼政府针对这段历史的全版声明[18],是该政府史上首次对此次承认错误[17]。奥斯卡提名还在中国引发争议,此前绝大多数中国人都不知道华人曾是1965到1966年大屠杀的主要目标[19]。
荣誉
注释
参考资料
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外部链接