Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

蒲草紙抄本 P46

蒲草紙抄本 P46格雷戈里 - 奧蘭系統編號),抄本縮寫符號46,又稱為徹斯·貝蒂蒲草紙抄本第2號,是現存最早的希臘文新約抄本,推估成書年代在西元175至225年之間。[1] 抄本一些屬於Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri的一部分,另一些收藏在University of Michigan Papyrus Collection。[2]

內容

46儘管有部分佚失,內容包含了大部分的保羅書信。依序是“羅馬書的最後八章;希伯來書全書;幾乎所有的歌林多前後書;完整的以弗所書加拉太書腓立比書歌羅西書;以及帖撒羅尼加前書兩章。所有的頁面都有因為劣化而失去了最下面的幾行。”[3]

內容 保存位址
1–7 羅馬書 1:1–5:17 佚失
8 羅馬書 5:17–6:14 CB
9-10 羅馬書 6:14–8:15 佚失
11–15 羅馬書 8:15–11:35 CB
16–17 羅馬書 11:35–14:8 Mich.
18(殘片) 羅馬書 14:9–15:11 CB
19–28 羅馬書 15:11–希伯來書 8:8 Mich.
29 希伯來書 8:9–9:10 CB
30 希伯來書 9:10–26 Mich.
31–39 希伯來書 9:26–歌林多前書 2:3 CB
40 歌林多前書 2:3–3:5 Mich.
41–69 歌林多前書 3:6–歌林多後書 9:7 CB
70–85 歌林多後書 9:7–13:14, 以弗所書, 加拉太書 1:1–6:10 Mich.
86–94 加拉太書 6:10–6:18, 腓立比書, 歌羅西書, 帖撒羅尼加前書 1:1–2:3 CB
95–96 帖撒羅尼加前書 2:3–5:5 佚失
97(殘片) 帖撒羅尼加前書 5:5, 23–28 CB
98–104 推測為帖撒羅尼加前書 5:28–帖撒羅尼加後書, 可能還包含腓立門書; 但可能不包含提摩太前後書, 提多書(見以下) 佚失

尺寸

每張大小約為28 × 16 cm,其中文本每一行平均長11.5 cm,每一頁有26至32行文本。每頁最底部的內容已經損毀。頂部四分之一約有1~2行損毀,中間部分2~3行損毀,底部四分之一有到7行損毀。

佚失的內容

從現有頁面的頁號可以得知,最初的手抄本已經丟失了七頁,與已經被確認的羅馬書前半段內容長度吻合。由於抄本的形式是如雜誌一般地一疊蒲草紙相疊在中間,佚失了最外面的七張,包含抄本的最初七面與最後七面。

最後七面佚失的內容並不確定。那裡有足夠的空間容納帖撒羅尼迦前後書,可能還包含腓立門書,但可能不包含教牧書信。Kenyon 計算[4]帖撒羅尼加前後書需要兩面,接著只剩五面(10頁)來容納其他正典保羅書信 - 提摩太前書(估計8.25頁),提摩太後書(6頁),提多書(3.5頁)和腓立門書(1.5頁) - 總計需要十面(19.25頁)。

最近,Alessandra Peri[4] 提出最後的頁面可能包含了啟示錄的前三章。

Edgar Ebojo挑戰抄本只有佚失最後七頁的共識,根據現存頁面實際抄寫的方法, 認為抄本只有佚失六頁, 留下足夠的空間容納帖撒羅尼加前書和後書。

標點符號

整個羅馬書,希伯來書以及歌林多前書較後面的章節,發現有小且粗的筆觸或點,普遍被認為是讀者所加,而不是抄本製作的流程,因為它的墨水比原先文本的還淡。[5] 他們似乎標記著感覺上的分節(與現代聖經章節類似),並且在一部分的45抄本也有同樣的發現。這或許是有一個同時擁有這兩部抄本的社群存在的證據。Edgar Ebojo 提出一個假設, 這些帶有間隔或不代有間隔的"閱讀注記",最可能是在禮拜的情況下使用,以幫助讀者。[6]

聖名縮寫

46使用廣泛且高度發展的聖名縮寫系統。[1] Griffin 反對Kim,有一部份的理由即是如此廣泛地使用聖名縮寫系統,在西元一世紀的抄本是幾乎不可能的。不過Griffin也承認,Kim的定年不能儘靠這項根據推翻,因為聖名縮寫系統確切的出處仍沒有被完整地建立。[1]

另一方面,Comfort(傾向定年在西元150–175年)注意到有跡象顯示,抄寫員使用的摹本是有限度的使用聖名縮寫或是完全沒有使用。[7] 此外,文本對基督縮寫的使用並不一致,有些使用長縮寫,有些使用短縮寫。

文本

此手抄本的希臘文是代表性的亞歷山大文本類型。Kurt Aland將它歸類至類別一。[2]

在羅馬書16:15有特殊地寫法Βηρεα και Αουλιαν而不是Ιουλιαν, Νηρεα。[8]

在哥林多前書2:1是寫μυστηριον以及א, Α, C, 88, 436, ita,r, syrp, copbo。其他手稿寫作μαρτυριον或是σωτηριον。[9]

在哥林多前書2:4是寫πειθοις σοφιας(似是而非的智慧)(plausible wisdom)而不是 πειθοις σοφιας λογοις(智慧的似是而非地言語)(plausible words of wisdom),這個寫法只有單獨來自德累斯頓抄本(希臘文)。[9]

在哥林多前書 7:5 是寫 τη προσευχη(祈求)以及 11, א*, A, B, C, D, F, G, P, Ψ, 6, 33, 81, 104, 181, 629, 630, 1739, 1877, 1881, 1962, it vg, cop, arm, eth。其他手稿這裡寫做τη νηστεια και τη προσευχη (禁食 與 祈求) τη προσευχη και νηστεια(祈求與禁食)。[10][11]

在哥林多前書12:9是寫εν τω πνευματι而不是εν τω ενι πνευματι。[12]

在哥林多前書15:47特殊地寫做δευτερος ανθρωπος πνευματικος而不是δευτερος ανθρωπος (א*, B, C, D, F, G, 0243, 33, 1739, it, vg, copbo eth);或是δευτερος ανθρωπος ο κυριος (אc, A, Dc, K, P, Ψ, 81, 104, 181, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 629, 1241, 1739mg, 1877, 1881, 1984, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect)。[13]

在歌林多後書1:10是寫τηλικουτων θανατων,以及 630, 1739c, itd,e, syrp,h, goth;複數形式為τηλικουτου θανατου.[14]

加拉太書6:2 — αναπληρωσατε ] αποπληρωσετε[15]

以弗所書4:16 — κατ ενεργειας ] και ενεργειας.[16]

以弗所書6:12 — αρχας προς τας εξουσιας ] μεθοδιας[17]

然而,它在以下一些地方也明顯地含有非亞歷山大類型文本寫法,這個重要的證據是:

羅馬書8:28 - παντα συνεργει ό θεος εις αγαθον[18](即,是神在萬事中動工而使之有益處,而不是萬事互相效力而有益處)(i.e. it's God who works in all things for good, rather than all things work together for good)。

來源

這份蒲草紙抄本的來源不明,可能是從早期基督教教堂修道院的廢墟中發現。[19][20]後續在開羅發現時,抄本已經被賣家拆散,10面是由艾佛德·切斯特·比替在1930年購買;密西根大學在1931年獲得6面,在1933年獲得24面。比替在1935年又購買了超過46面,他的收藏現在形成Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri11份聖經抄本中的一部分。

年代

如同所有單憑古文字学定年的抄本,對46的定年是不確定的。這份蒲草紙抄本的第一位編輯H. A. Sanders推測年代可能從西元二世紀中期到三世紀。[21]完整珍本原版的編輯F. G. Kenyon,認為年代是第一世紀中期到第三世紀。[22] 現在這份抄本有時被定年為大約西元200年。[23] Young Kyu Kim則認為可以追溯更早到西元80年。[24] Griffin批評Kim的定年[1],認為最可能的年代是西元175-225年,95%信賴區間是在西元150-250年。[25]

Comfort與Barrett[26]宣稱46的內容和以下內容親近:

  • P. Oxy. 8(1世紀下晚期或2世紀早期),
  • P. Oxy. 841(二手的,定年不會晚於西元125-150年),
  • P. Oxy. 1622(可以可靠的定年在西元148年前,可能在哈德良(117–138)統治期間,因為在反面上有文字紀錄),
  • P. Oxy. 2337(1世紀晚期),
  • P. Oxy. 3721(2世紀下半葉),
  • P. Rylands III 550(2世紀), 
  • P. Berol. 9810(2世紀初)。

因此,他們的結論是46的定年在西元2世紀中。

參見

  • List of New Testament papyri
  • Collections of papyri
  • Chester Beatty Papyri
  • University of Michigan Papyrus Collection

參考文獻

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Griffin, Bruce W. (1996), "The Paleographical Dating of P-46"页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆引用错误:带有name属性“Griffin”的<ref>标签用不同内容定义了多次
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara. The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. 1995: 98. ISBN 978-0-8028-4098-1. 
  3. ^ Michael Marlowe, Papyrus 46页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆[1]页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  4. ^ A. Peri, "Il codice più antico delle Epistole paoline: un’ipotesi" in Sit liber gratus quem servulus est operatus.
  5. ^ H. A. Sanders, A Third Century Papyrus Codex of the Epistles of Paul, (Ann Arbor, 1935), 17
  6. ^ Edgar Ebojo, "When Nonsense Makes Sense: Scribal Habits in the Space-Intervals, Sense Pauses, and other Visual Features in P46," The Bible Translator August 2013 64: 128–150
  7. ^ Comfort, Philip W. (2005) Encountering the Manuscripts: An Introduction to New Testament Paleography & Textual Criticism, Nashville: Broadman & Holman, pp. 131–139, 223, 231–238.
  8. ^ UBS3, p. 575.
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 UBS3, p. 581.
  10. ^ NA26, p. 450.
  11. ^ UBS3, p. 591.
  12. ^ UBS3, p. 605.
  13. ^ UBS3, p. 616.
  14. ^ UBS3, p. 622.
  15. ^ UBS3, p. 661.
  16. ^ NA26, p. 509.
  17. ^ NA26, p. 513.
  18. ^ UBS3, p.551.
  19. ^ F. G. Kenyon, The Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri: I. General Introduction, (London: E. Walker), 1933, 5
  20. ^ C.H. Roberts, Manuscript, Society and Belief in Early Christian Egypt, p. 7
  21. ^ H. A. Sanders, A Third-Century Papyrus Codex of the Epistles of Paul (Ann Arbor, 1935), pp. 13–15.
  22. ^ F. G. Kenyon, The Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri, part 3 (London, 1936), xiv–xv.
  23. ^ Willker, Wieland "Complete List of Greek NT Papyri" 互联网档案馆存檔,存档日期2014-03-12. Last Update: 17.04.2008.
  24. ^ Kim, YK (1988), "Palaeographical Dating of P46 to the Later First Century,"页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆Biblica, 69, p. 248
  25. ^ See email from Griffin added in 2005 to Griffin's 1996 paper.
  26. ^ Comfort, Philip W. and Barrett, David P (2001) 'The Text of the Earliest New Testament Greek Manuscripts', Wheaton, Illinois: Tyndale House Publishers Incorporated, pp. 204–206.

延伸閱讀

  • Comfort, Philip W.; David P. Barrett (2001). The Text of the Earliest New Testament Greek Manuscripts. Wheaton, Illinois: Tyndale House Publishers. pp. 203–354. ISBN 978-0-8423-5265-9. 

外部連結

Read other articles:

Esta página cita fontes, mas que não cobrem todo o conteúdo. Ajude a inserir referências. Conteúdo não verificável pode ser removido.—Encontre fontes: ABW  • CAPES  • Google (N • L • A) (Abril de 2021) Exemplo da placa oval branca ou etiqueta; esta representa Suíça. Um Borgward Isabella 1960 mostrando o código de veículo internacional NL (Netherlands) Chapa de matrícula da Estónia no formato padrão da UE com código...

 

Japanese manga series and its franchise Not to be confused with the unrelated anime series Hamatora. This article is about the manga and storybook series. For the video game series, see Hamtaro (video game series). HamtaroCover of the first children's book featuring Hamtaroとっとこハム太郎(Tottoko Hamutarō[1]) MangaWritten byRitsuko KawaiPublished byShogakukanMagazineCiaoDemographicShōjoOriginal run1997 – 2000Volumes3 Further information Original video animationD...

 

Comic Frontier, sebuah konvensi dōjinshi yang diadakan di Jakarta, Indonesia. Konvensi Dōjinshi adalah konvensi penggemar yang didedikasikan untuk penjualan dōjinshi, sebuah karya pribadi yang diterbitkan. Konvensi Dōjinshi yang biasanya disebut sebagai sokubaikai (即売会, secara harfiah acara penampilan dan penjualan) atau ibento (イベント, dari bahasa inggris event). Ribuan konvensi Dōjinshi berlangsung di Jepang setiap tahun, tapi konvensi dōjinshi juga diadakan di negara nega...

Privilege by Charles V granting the establishment of the University of San Marcos in Lima (1551), the first officially established and the longest continuously operating university in the Americas. Old campus of the colonial university San Antonio Abad in Cusco, Peru. The list of universities established in the viceroyalties of the Hispanic America comprises all universities established by the Spanish Empire in Latin America from the settlement of the Americas in 1492 to the Wars of Independe...

 

Herophilos (kanan) mengajarkan Anatomi, 1906, karya Veloso Salgado (Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon) Herophilos (/hɪˈrɒfɪləs/; Yunani: Ἡρόφιλος; 335–280 SM), terkadang diLatinisasi menjadi Herophilus, adalah seorang dokter Yunani yang dianggap sebagai anatomis pertama. Lahir di Kalsedon, ia menjalani sebagian besar masa hidupnya di Aleksandria. Sumber von Staden H. (ed. trans.) Herophilos: The Art of Medicine in Early Alexandria. Cambridge University Press, 1989 ISBN 0-521...

 

Hatt-i Humayun yang berisi perintah dari Sultan Abdulmecid Hatt-i humayun dapat diartikan sebagai tulisan tangan yang berisi perintah,[1] biasanya tulisan ini ditulis secara langsung oleh Sultan di kesultanan utsmaniyah[2] namun dapat juga ditulis oleh penasihat/ juru tulis istana dan diberi catatan atau tanda tangan di atas materai sebagai bentuk perintah yang sah dan tidak dapat dibatalkan.[3][4] Deskripsi Pada umumnya hatt-i humayun memiliki ciri khas tulisa...

إعلامصنف فرعي من وسائط — نظم المعلومات — وكيل جزء من اتصال جماهيري يمتهنه مهنة الإعلام التاريخ تاريخ الإعلام تعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعديل ويكي بيانات صحف مختلفة الإعلام هو مصطلح يطلق على أي وسيلة أو تقنية أو منظمة أو مؤسسة تجارية أو أخرى غير ربحية، عامة أو خاصة، رسمية أو غير ...

 

2008 American filmBURN-EBURN-E posterDirected byAngus MacLaneWritten byAndrew StantonAngus MacLaneDerek ThompsonProduced byGalyn SusmanStarringAngus MacLaneTessa SwigartBen BurttElissa KnightJeff GarlinMacInTalkMusic byJ. A. C. RedfordProductioncompanies Walt Disney Pictures Pixar Animation Studios Distributed byWalt Disney Studios Home EntertainmentRelease dates November 18, 2008 (2008-11-18) (with WALL-E Blu-ray and DVD) Running time7:36CountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglish...

 

Questa voce sull'argomento dipinti è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Leone di san Marco tra san Giovanni Battista con san Giovanni Evangelista e Maria Maddalena con san GirolamoAutoreCima da Conegliano Data1506 - 1508 TecnicaOlio su tavola Dimensioni207×510,4 cm UbicazioneGallerie dell'Accademia, Venezia Il Leone di San Marco tra San Giovanni Battista con San Giovanni Evangelista e M...

Constituição Socialista da República Popular Democrática da Coreia Constituição da Coreia do NorteVersão na Língua Inglesa da Constituição Socialista da República Popular Democrática da Coreia Propósito Constituição nacional Local de assinatura Pyongyang,  Coreia do Norte Criado 23 de outubro de 1972 (51 anos) Ratificação 27 de dezembro de 1972 (50 anos) Arquivo transcrito no Wikisource A Constituição Socialista da República Popular Democrática da C...

 

Since the early 1970s, Brittany has experienced a tremendous revival of its folk music. Along with flourishing traditional forms such as the bombard-biniou pair and fest-noz ensembles incorporating other additional instruments, it has also branched out into numerous subgenres. Traditional Breton music The Goadec sisters Traditional Breton folk music includes a variety of vocal and instrumental styles. Purely traditional musicians became the heroes of the roots revival in the second half of th...

 

Series of primary sources for the study of Byzantine history Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae Text (the History of Nikephoros Gregoras) from the CSHB The Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae (CSHB; English: Corpus of Byzantine history writers), also referred to as the Bonn Corpus, is a monumental fifty-volume series of primary sources for the study of Byzantine history (c. 330–1453), published in the German city of Bonn between 1828 and 1897. Each volume contains a critical ed...

American YouTuber and actress (born 1996) Jahkara SmithSmith at the 2019 WonderConBorn (1996-09-05) September 5, 1996 (age 27)St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.Occupations YouTuber actress Years active2017–presentYouTube informationAlso known asSailor JChannel SailorJ Subscribers496,000[1](August 2022) Jahkara Smith (born September 5, 1996)[2][3] is an American YouTuber and actress. She is best known for the YouTube channel Sailor J, where she published parody make-...

 

Gestos originales utilizados por los ordenadores de mano Palm OS. Graffiti es el software de reconocimiento de escritura manuscrita utilizado en el sistema operativo Palm OS para PDAs. Graffiti fue escrito originalmente por Palm, Inc. como el sistema de reconocimiento para dispositivos con sistema operativo GEOS como los HP OmniGo o los equipos Magic Cap (Sony PIC-1000, Sony PIC-2000, Panasonic NeoNet, DataRover 840) y estaba disponible como sistema alternativo para los Apple Newton MessagePa...

 

2017 film The MinerFilm posterDirected byHanna Antonina Wojcik SlakWritten byHanna Antonina Wojcik SlakProduced bySinisa JuricicMiha KnificStarringBoris CavazzaCinematographyMatthias PilzEdited byVladimir GojunMusic byAmélie LegrandDamir ImamovicDistributed by2i FilmRelease date 15 September 2017 (2017-09-15) Running time98 minutesCountrySloveniaLanguageSloveneBox office$10,252 (Slovenia)[1] The Miner (Slovene: Rudar) is a 2017 Slovenian drama film directed by Hanna An...

People from Ancient Carthage This article is about the Punic people. For the Punic language, see Punic language. For the civilisation, see Ancient Carthage. Carthaginians redirects here. For other uses, see Carthaginians (disambiguation). Sardo-Punic mask showing a Sardonic grinPunic praying statuette, c. 3rd century BCThe Punic Building in Żurrieq, a modern structure incorporating Punic ruinsModel of the Punic military port, Carthage Carthaginian sphere of influence 264 BC The Punic people,...

 

2015 film by Yuvaraj Dhayalan EliTheatrical release posterDirected byYuvaraj DhayalanWritten byYuvaraj DhayalanProduced by G. Sathis Kumar S. Amarnath Starring Vadivelu Sadha CinematographyPaul LivingstoneEdited by V. T. Vijayan T. S. Jay Music byVidyasagarProductioncompanyCity Cine CreationsDistributed byCity Cine CreationsRelease date 19 June 2015 (2015-06-19)[1] Running time154 minutes[1]CountryIndiaLanguageTamil Eli (transl. Rat) is a 2015 Indian Tamil...

 

「台湾観光協会」とは異なります。 交通部観光署交通部觀光署Tourism Administration, MOTC観光署ロゴ(2018年-)組織の概要設立年月日1971年6月24日(前身の観光事業小組は1960年9月)継承前組織交通部観光事業局管轄 中華民国本部所在地台北市大安区忠孝東路四段290号9階北緯25度2分28.5秒 東経121度33分21.1秒 / 北緯25.041250度 東経121.555861度 / 25.041250; 121.555861人員2...

Ski resort in California, United States This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (June 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) This article needs additional citations for v...

 

Achdwiyanto Yudi HartonoWakil Komandan PuspenerbadPetahanaMulai menjabat 21 Juni 2022PendahuluGathut Setyo Utomo Informasi pribadiLahir6 April 1968 (umur 55)IndonesiaSuami/istriIr. Lea WidowatiAnakAula Sekar Arum PertiwiAlmer Yuqdho PhilanderMuhammad Yassar RamadhanAzka Nadhiifah Arum PertiwiAlma materAkademi Militer (1990)Karier militerPihak IndonesiaDinas/cabang TNI Angkatan DaratMasa dinas1990—sekarangPangkat Brigadir Jenderal TNINRP1900005210468SatuanInfanteriPertempu...

 
Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya