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Biawak Papua

Biawak Papua
Biawak Papua di Kebun Binatang Oklahoma
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Kerajaan:
Animalia
Filum:
Chordata
Kelas:
Sauropsida
Ordo:
Squamata
Subordo:
Scleroglossa
Famili:
Varanidae
Genus:
Varanus
Spesies:
V. salvadorii
Nama binomial
Varanus salvadorii

Biawak Papua, Varanus salvadorii (juga disebut Biawak Salvadori, Biawak Buaya, atau Artelia) adalah biawak yang hidup di pulau Nugini. Biawak ini dapat ditemui di rawa-rawa mangrove, dan hutan hujan pantai di bagian tenggara pulau. Terdapat rumor bahwa Biawak Papua dapat tumbuh sekitar 4.75 meter, yang membuatnya menjadi kadal terpanjang di dunia, tetapi catatan terpanjang hanya 2.44 meter.

Morfologi

Fitur yang paling khas dari biawak ini adalah moncong tumpul bulat, yang membuat spesies ini terlihat berbeda dari setiap biawak lain di Papua dan meminjamkan untuk nama umum yang pohon buaya Tubuh biawak berwarna hijau gelap dengan cincin bintik-bintik kuning. Ekor terbalut kuning dan hitam. Gigi lurus dan cakar melengkung menonjol. Unik di antara spesies varanid yang hidup, ekor hewan ini lebih panjang dari badannya. Pada saat lahir panjang biawak ini adalah sekitar 45 cm (18 inch), sementara betina dewasa dapat tumbuh hingga 150 cm (4,9 kaki). Spesimen yang tercatat terpanjang adalah 244 cm (8.01 ft). Varanus salvadorii memiliki fisiologi yang disebut mamalia seperti aerobik yaitu bernapas dan berjalan bersamaan, hal ini dicapai dengan cara tekanan positif pompa gular di tenggorokan hewan untuk membantu ventilasi paru. Mayoritas kadal tidak dapat berjalan dan bernapas pada saat yang sama karena kendala Carrier, tapi biawak pengecualian tidak demikian. Perkembangan ini pompa ventilasi analog dengan evolusi diafragma pada mamalia, yang ventilates paru-paru secara independen gerak, ilmuwan tempat Varanus salvadorii sebagai spesies dengan daya tahan tertinggi dalam hal ini.

Referensi

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