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Pixley ka Isaka Seme

Pixley ka Isaka Seme
Pixley ka Isaka Seme
Pixley ka Isaka Seme in 1906

Stigter en 1ste president van die African National Congress
Ampstermyn
1930 – 1936

Persoonlike besonderhede
Gebore (1881-10-01)1 Oktober 1881
Daggakraal, Oos-Transvaal, Unie van Suid-Afrika
Sterf 5 Desember 2013 (op 95)
Johannesburg, Gauteng, Suid-Afrika
Politieke party African National Congress

Pixley ka Isaka Seme (1881 - Junie 1951) was een van die eerste swart advokate in Suid-Afrika (Alfred Mangena was die eerste swart prokureur, Duma Nokwe die eerste swart advokaat), en 'n stigter en president van die African National Congress.

Vroeë lewe

Seme is gebore as die vierde seun van Sinono Kuwana Seme in die omgewing wat bekend sou staan as Daggakraal,[1] in wat destyds die kolonie van Natal genoem is, op die Inanda-sendingstasie van die Amerikaanse Zoeloe-missie van die Amerikaanse raad van kommissarisse vir buitelandse missies. Hy studeer in 1902 aan die Mount Hermon School, MA, (nou die Northfield Mount Hermon School). Hy het Adams College bygewoon wat deel was van die missie.

Sy ma was 'n suster van John Langalibalele Dube en is 'n afstammeling van 'n plaaslike hoof. Op 17-jarige ouderdom vertrek Seme om in die VSA te studeer, eers aan die Mount Hermon-skool en daarna aan die Universiteit van Columbia. In 1906, sy senior jaar aan die Universiteit, word hy die Curtis-medalje, die hoogste oratoriese eer van Columbia, bekroon. Hy het daarna besluit om advokaat te word. In Oktober 1906 word hy aan die Universiteit van Oxford toegelaat om vir die graad Baccalaureus Civil Law te studeer; terwyl hy in Oxford was, was hy 'n lid van Jesus College.

Seme het in 1910 na Suid-Afrika teruggekeer en in Johannesburg as advokaat begin praktiseer.

Politiek

In 1911 stig Seme die South African Native Farmers Association[2] om swart plaaswerkers aan te moedig om grond in die Daggakraal-omgewing te koop en sodoende persoonlike onafhanklikheid te bekom. Gevolglik het dit daartoe gelei dat die blanke regering die Naturellegrondwet van 1913 ingestel het, wat swart mense verhinder het om grond in Suid-Afrika te besit.[3]

In reaksie op die stigting van die Unie van Suid-Afrika, werk Seme saam met verskeie ander jong Afrika-leiers wat onlangs teruggekeer het van universiteitstudies in Engeland, Richard Msimang, George Montsioa en Alfred Mangena, en met gevestigde leiers van die Suid-Afrikaanse Naturellekonvensie in Johannesburg om bevordering van die vorming van 'n nasionale organisasie wat verskillende Afrika-groepe uit die afsonderlike kolonies sou verenig. In Januarie 1912 het hierdie pogings vrugte werp met die stigtingsvergadering van die Suid-Afrikaanse Naturelle Nasionale Kongres, wat later herdoop is tot die African National Congress.

Seme was ook die advokaat van koningin Regent Labotsibeni van Swaziland, waardeur die eerste ANC-koerant Abantu-Batho gefinansier is. Later, in 1922, vergesel Seme koning Sobhuza II as deel van 'n afvaardiging na Londen om Britse owerhede en die koning te ontmoet rakende die landproklamasie in Swaziland.

Die nasionalistiese organisasie van Seme onder Afrikane het die gepaardgaande pogings van Mahatma Gandhi met Indiese Suid-Afrikaners gekoppel.

Persoonlike lewe

Seme was baie naby aan die Zoeloe- en Swazi- koningsgesinne. Dit word hoofsaaklik gekenmerk deur sy huwelik met Phikisele Harriet Dinuzulu, die dogter van die Zoeloe-koning Dinuzulu, en met Lozinja, die dogter van die Swazi-koning Mbandzeni.

Verwysings

  1. "Pixley Ka Seme stature unveiled" (in Engels). SABC News.com. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 4 Maart 2016. Besoek op 21 April 2013.
  2. "Pixley Ka Seme stature unveiled". South African Broadcasting Corporation (in Engels). 31 Maart 2012. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 20 Augustus 2017. Besoek op 15 Mei 2017.
  3. Yende, Sizwe Sama (5 Junie 2014). "Going home 20 years later: Everything–and nothing–changes". News24 (in Engels). Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 13 Junie 2017. Besoek op 15 Mei 2017.

Eksterne skakels

  • Seme. ANC Biografie.
  • "Native Union". Artikel deur Seme, in Imvo Zabantsundu, 24 Oktober 1911.

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