ADB-CHMINACA (also known as ADMB-CHMINACA[3] and MAB-CHMINACA) is an indazole-based synthetic cannabinoid. It is a potent agonist of the CB1 receptor with a binding affinity of Ki = 0.289 nM and was originally developed by Pfizer in 2009 as an analgesic medication.[4][5] It was identified in cannabinoid blends in Japan in early 2015.[6]
Side effects
There have been a number of reported cases of deaths and hospitalizations in relation to this synthetic cannabinoid.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]
Legal status
In the United States, ADB-CHMINACA is a Schedule I controlled substance.[15] Prior to its listing at the federal level in 2018, Louisiana placed ADB-CHMINACA on its Schedule I list by emergency scheduling in 2014.[16]
Sweden's public health agency suggested to classify ADB-CHMINACA as hazardous substance on November 10, 2014.[17]
ADB-CHMINACA is listed in the Fifth Schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Act (MDA) and therefore illegal in Singapore as of May 2015.[18]
ADB-CHMINACA is illegal in Switzerland as of December 2015.[19]
Metabolism
Ten ADB-CHMINACA major metabolites were identified in several incubations with cryopreserved human hepatocytes. Most transformations occurred at the cyclohexylmethyl tail of the compound.[20]
^Pulver B, Fischmann S, Gallegos A, Christie R (March 2023). "EMCDDA framework and practical guidance for naming synthetic cannabinoids". Drug Testing and Analysis. 15 (3): 255–276. doi:10.1002/dta.3403. PMID36346325.
^WO 2009/106980, Buchler IP, Hayes MJ, Hegde SG, Hockerman SL, Jones DE, Kortum SW, Rico JG, Tenbrink RE, Wu KK, "Indazole derivatives", published 3 September 2009, assigned to Pfizer Inc..
^Wurita A, Hasegawa K, Minakata K, Gonmori K, Nozawa H, Yamagishi I, et al. (July 2015). "Identification and quantitation of 5-fluoro-ADB-PINACA and MAB-CHMINACA in dubious herbal products". Forensic Toxicology. 33 (2): 213–220. doi:10.1007/s11419-015-0264-y. S2CID207289143.
^Trecki J, Gerona RR, Schwartz MD (July 2015). "Synthetic Cannabinoid-Related Illnesses and Deaths". The New England Journal of Medicine. 373 (2): 103–107. doi:10.1056/NEJMp1505328. PMID26154784.
^Adamowicz P, Gieroń J (September 2016). "Acute intoxication of four individuals following use of the synthetic cannabinoid MAB-CHMINACA". Clinical Toxicology. 54 (8): 650–654. doi:10.1080/15563650.2016.1190016. PMID27227269. S2CID23133855.
^Drug Enforcement Administration (January 2018). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Extension of Temporary Placement of MAB–CHMINACA in Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act. Temporary rule; temporary scheduling order; extension". Federal Register. 83 (20): 4411–4412. PMID29461023.