Abstract logic

In mathematical logic, an abstract logic is a formal system consisting of a class of sentences and a satisfaction relation with specific properties related to occurrence, expansion, isomorphism, renaming and quantification.^[1]

Based on Lindström's characterization, first-order logic is, up to equivalence, the only abstract logic that is countably compact and has Löwenheim number ω.^[2]

• Abstract algebraic logic – Study of the algebraization of deductive systems, based on the Lindenbaum–Tarski algebra
• Abstract model theory
• Löwenheim number – Smallest cardinal number for which a weak downward Löwenheim–Skolem theorem holds
• Lindström's theorem – Theorem in mathematical logic
• Universal logic – Subfield of logic that studies the features common to all logical systems

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