Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

Helensville (New Zealand electorate)

Helensville
Former Single-member constituency
for the New Zealand House of Representatives
Outline map
Location of  within Auckland
RegionAuckland
Former constituency
Created1978 (original), 2002 (recreated)
Abolished1984 (abolished), 2020 (re-abolished)
Last MPChris Penk
PartyNational

Helensville was a New Zealand parliamentary electorate in the Auckland region, returning one Member of Parliament to the House of Representatives. The electorate was first established for the 1978 election, was abolished in 1984, and then reinstated for the 2002 election. The seat was won and held by John Key through his term as prime minister. Chris Penk of the National Party held the seat from the 2017 general election until its abolition in 2020, when it was replaced with the new Kaipara ki Mahurangi electorate, which Penk also retained.

Population centres

The 1977 electoral redistribution, initiated by Robert Muldoon's National Government, was the most overtly political since the Representation Commission had been established through an amendment to the Representation Act in 1886.[1] As part of the 1976 census, a large number of people failed to fill in an electoral re-registration card, and census staff had not been given the authority to insist on the card being completed. This had little practical effect for people on the general roll, but it transferred Māori to the general roll if the card was not handed in. Together with a northward shift of New Zealand's population, this resulted in five new electorates having to be created in the upper part of the North Island.[2] The electoral redistribution was very disruptive, with 22 electorates being abolished, and 27 (including Helensville) being newly created or re-established. These changes came into effect for the 1978 election.[3]

In the 1983 electoral redistribution, the Helensville electorate was abolished, and its area went to the West Auckland and Rodney electorates.[4] Helensville was re-established in time for the 2002 election in response to continued high population growth in and around Auckland. It was formed from the northern flank of the Waitakere electorate with the addition of areas from the Rodney electorate around its southern boundary.

Helensville covers an area of the rapidly growing northern Auckland urban fringe, drawing Helensville and Kumeū from the former Rodney District, moving south to take in Paremoremo, Greenhithe and Albany from the former North Shore City, and finally tacking west to include Whenuapai, Hobsonville and West Harbour from the former Waitakere City.

The boundaries of the electorate changed significantly in the 2019/20 boundary review. Its northern boundary moved northward to become the same as the boundary between the Northland and Auckland local government regions, taking in part of the Northland electorate and all that part of Rodney electorate north of Waiwera, which is, by area, most of Rodney. On the other hand, an area running from Dairy Flat south to Paremoremo moved into Rodney, which is renamed the Whangaparāoa electorate. Helensville also gained the suburb of Westgate from the Upper Harbour electorate. It lost its southern section around the Waitakere Ranges to New Lynn. It was initially proposed that the electorate would keep the name Helensville, but after public submissions it became the Kaipara ki Mahurangi electorate.[5]

History

National Party electorate office at Huapai in 2009, during John Key's time

In the 1978 election, the Helensville electorate was won by Dail Jones, who had been MP for the Waitemata electorate since the 1975 election.[6] When the Helensville electorate was abolished in 1984, Jones stood in the West Auckland electorate in the 1984 election but was defeated by the Labour Party candidate, Jack Elder.[7]

The Helensville electorate was re-established for the 2002 election. Newcomer John Key beat sitting Waitakere MP Brian Neeson to the National Party nomination and, in a tight year for his party, won the electorate by 1,705 votes in a split field when a disgruntled Neeson stood as an independent. At the same election, Dail Jones contested the electorate for New Zealand First. Helensville was partly rural and was wealthy beyond the national average, making it a safe National electorate, and Key was returned easily in 2005, 2008, 2011 and 2014 with large majorities. Key became National Party leader in 2006 and prime minister in 2008. In December 2016, he announced that he would retire from politics before the 2017 general election.[8] He was replaced as Helensville MP by Chris Penk.

Members of Parliament

Key

  National   NZ First   Labour   ACT   Green

Election Winner
1978 election Dail Jones
1981 election
Electorate abolished in 1984 (see West Auckland and Rodney)
2002 election John Key
2005 election
2008 election
2011 election
2014 election
2017 election Chris Penk
(Electorate abolished in 2020; see Kaipara ki Mahurangi)

List MPs

Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested the Helensville electorate. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.

Election Winner
2002 election Dail Jones
2008 Dail Jones1
2008 election Darien Fenton
David Garrett2
2009 David Clendon3
2014 election Kennedy Graham

1 Jones entered Parliament in February 2008 following the resignation of Brian Donnelly
2 Garrett resigned in September 2010, and his list position was taken by Hilary Calvert
3 Clendon entered Parliament in October 2009 following the resignation of Sue Bradford

Election results

2017 election

2017 general election: Helensville[9]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National Chris Penk 21,704 56.12 −9.05 21,958 55.83 −2.56
Labour Kurt Taogaga 7,096 18.35 +5.66 10,012 25.45 +12.95
Green Hayley Holt 6,758 17.47 +4.75 2,971 7.55 −6.00
NZ First Helen Peterson 2,403 6.21 — 2,795 7.11 −0.25
ACT Alex Evans 284 0.73 -0.14 319 0.81 +0.07
Conservative   87 0.22 −4.56
Opportunities   799 2.03 —
Legalise Cannabis   112 0.28 −0.17
Māori Party   105 0.27 −0.27
United Future   27 0.07 −0.19
Outdoors   20 0.05 —
Ban 1080   20 0.05 −0.09
Mana Party   13 0.03 —
People's Party   12 0.03 —
Internet   9 0.02 —
Democrats   7 0.02 −0.04
Informal votes 264 67
Total valid votes 38,676 39,333
National hold Majority 14,608 37.77 −14.69

2014 election

2014 general election: Helensville[10]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National Green tickY John Key 22,720 65.17 −9.21 20,689 58.39 −7.40
Green Kennedy Graham 4,433 12.72 +5.36 4,801 13.55 +4.91
Labour Corie Haddock 4,425 12.69 −1.45 4,430 12.50 −1.85
Internet Laila Harré 1,315 3.77 +3.77
Conservative Deborah Dougherty 963 2.76 −0.07 1,692 4.78 +1.27
Independent Penny Bright 420 1.20 +1.20
ACT Phelan Pirrie 302 0.87 +0.36 262 0.74 −0.65
Independent Brendan Whyte 74 0.21 +0.21
NZ First   2,608 7.36 +2.76
Internet Mana   338 0.95 +0.78[a]
Māori Party   192 0.54 +0.02
Legalise Cannabis   161 0.45 −0.04
United Future   93 0.26 −0.20
Ban 1080   48 0.14 +0.14
Democrats   23 0.06 +0.04
Independent Coalition   13 0.04 +0.04
Civilian   8 0.02 +0.02
Focus   3 0.01 +0.01
Informal votes 208 73
Total valid votes 34,860 35,434
Turnout 35,507 82.29 +5.65
National hold Majority 18,287 52.46 −7.78

2011 election

2011 general election: Helensville[11]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National Green tickY John Key 26,011 74.38 +0.77 23,558 65.79 +2.09
Labour Jeremy Greenbrook-Held 4,945 14.14 -2.97 5,138 14.35 -4.11
Green Jeanette Elley 2,575 7.36 +1.41 3,094 8.64 +3.74
Conservative Richard Drayson 941 2.69 +2.69 1,258 3.51 +3.51
Legalise Cannabis Adrian McDermott 319 0.91 +0.91 174 0.49 +0.16
ACT Nick Kearney 180 0.51 0–1.72 499 1.39 -5.31
NZ First   1,648 4.60 +2.06
Māori Party   186 0.52 +0.03
United Future   163 0.46 -0.33
Mana   60 0.17 +0.17
Libertarianz   19 0.05 -0.004
Democrats   8 0.02 +0.001
Alliance   4 0.01 -0.04
Informal votes 574 198
Total valid votes 34,971 35,809
National hold Majority 21,066 60.24 +3.74

Electorate (as at 11 November 2011): 46,983[12]

2008 election

2008 general election: Helensville[13][14]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National Green tickY John Key 26,771 73.61 +9.51 23,559 63.69 +8.60
Labour Darien Fenton 6,224 17.11 -9.77 6,826 18.45 -9.52
Green David Clendon 2,166 5.96 +5.79 1,814 4.90 +0.87
ACT David Garrett 811 2.23 +1.10 2,481 6.71 +4.36
United Future Angela Lovelock 309 0.85 -0.82 289 0.78 -1.69
Libertarianz Peter Osborne 89 0.24 21 0.06 +0.01
NZ First   940 2.54 -3.34
Progressive   195 0.53 -0.28
Family Party   182 0.49
Māori Party   182 0.49 +0.08
Bill and Ben   170 0.46
Legalise Cannabis   131 0.35 +0.16
Kiwi   105 0.28
Pacific   45 0.12
Alliance   19 0.05 +0.02
Workers Party   9 0.02
Democrats   8 0.02 ±0.00
RAM   8 0.02
RONZ   4 0.01 ±0.00
Informal votes 251 110
Total valid votes 36,370 36,988
Turnout 37,298 82.27 -0.58
National hold Majority 20,547 56.49


2005 election

2005 general election: Helensville[14][15][16]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National Green tickY John Key 22,008 64.10 +29.92 19,224 55.09 +29.28
Labour Judy Lawley 9,230 26.88 -0.24 9,761 27.97 -2.86
NZ First Dail Jones 1,400 4.08 -5.45 2,051 5.88 -6.06
United Future Andrea Deeth 573 1.67 -2.47 863 2.47 -5.82
ACT Stephen Langford-Tebby 389 1.13 821 2.35 -10.26
Māori Party Awa Hudson 359 1.05 142 0.41
Progressive Julian Aaron 318 0.93 -0.02 218 0.81 -0.08
Direct Democracy Helen Koster 58 0.17 11 0.03
Green   1,407 4.03 -1.99
Destiny   151 0.43
Legalise Cannabis   66 0.19 -0.21
Christian Heritage   48 0.14 -0.85
Libertarianz   16 0.05
Alliance   9 0.03 -1.00
Democrats   8 0.02
Family Rights   8 0.02
99 MP   5 0.01
RONZ   5 0.01
One NZ   4 0.01 -0.04
Informal votes 253 110
Total valid votes 34,335 34,896
Turnout 35,222 82.85 +3.21
National hold Majority 12,778 37.22 +31.26

2002 election

2002 general election: Helensville[15][17]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National John Key 9,775 34.18 7,524 25.81
Labour Gary Russell 8,070 28.21 8,988 30.83
Independent Brian Neeson 5,644 19.73
NZ First Dail Jones 2,725 9.53 3,481 11.94
United Future Andrea Deeth 1,184 4.14 2,416 8.29
Alliance Helen MacKinlay 581 2.03 299 1.03
Christian Heritage David Simpkin 350 1.22 288 0.99
Progressive Clare Dickson 273 0.95 272 0.93
ACT   3,676 12.61
Green   1,755 6.02
ORNZ   313 1.07
Legalise Cannabis   118 0.40
One NZ   15 0.05
Mana Māori   10 0.03
NMP   2 0.01
Informal votes 327 78
Total valid votes 28,602 29,157
Turnout 29,428 79.64
National win new seat Majority 1,705 5.96

1981 election

1981 general election: Helensville[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Dail Jones 8,242 35.85 −4.58
Labour Jack Elder 8,026 34.91 +0.71
Social Credit David Howes 6,718 29.22
Majority 216 0.93 −5.29
Turnout 22,986 89.05 +19.21
Registered electors 25,812

1978 election

1978 general election: Helensville[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Dail Jones 7,783 40.43
Labour Jack Elder 6,584 34.20
Social Credit Chris Lynch 4,510 23.43
Values Dennis Worley 370 1.92
Majority 1,199 6.22
Turnout 19,247 69.84
Registered electors 27,558

Table footnotes

  1. ^ 2014 Internet Mana swing is relative to the votes for Mana in 2011; it shared a party list with Internet in the 2014 election.

Notes

  1. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 8–9, 51, 119.
  2. ^ McRobie 1989, p. 119.
  3. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 115–120.
  4. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 118–123.
  5. ^ "Report of the Representation Commission 2020" (PDF). 17 April 2020.
  6. ^ Wilson 1985, p. 208.
  7. ^ Wilson 1985, pp. 194, 208.
  8. ^ "John Key resigns as Prime Minister of New Zealand, cites family reasons for leaving". The New Zealand Herald. 5 December 2016. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
  9. ^ "Official Count Results – Helensville (2017)". Electoral Commission. 7 October 2017. Retrieved 12 October 2017.
  10. ^ Electoral Commission (10 October 2014). "Official Count Results – Helensville". Retrieved 31 January 2016.
  11. ^ Helensville results, 2011
  12. ^ "Enrolment statistics". Electoral Commission. 4 November 2011. Archived from the original on 10 November 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
  13. ^ Election results 2008 Archived 11 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  14. ^ a b "Helensville:Electoral Profile". New Zealand Parliament. 26 August 2009. Retrieved 5 October 2009.
  15. ^ a b "Electorate Profile Helensville" (PDF). New Zealand Parliament. 1 November 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 5 October 2009.
  16. ^ Election result 2005[permanent dead link‍]
  17. ^ "Election results 2002". Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 5 October 2009.
  18. ^ a b Norton 1988, pp. 242.

References

  • McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
  • Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946–1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
  • Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.

36°40′47″S 174°26′58″E / 36.6797°S 174.4494°E / -36.6797; 174.4494

Read other articles:

Brno

Artikel ini perlu dikembangkan agar dapat memenuhi kriteria sebagai entri Wikipedia.Bantulah untuk mengembangkan artikel ini. Jika tidak dikembangkan, artikel ini akan dihapus. Pemandangan Brno Brno (Jerman: Brünn) merupakan kota yang terletak di sebelah selatan Ceko. Penduduknya berjumlah 367.000 jiwa (2005). Di kota ini pernah tinggal Pendiri Genetika, Gregor Mendel pada abad ke-19 sebagai biarawan Katolik Roma. Kota kembar Dallas, Texas, Amerika Serikat. Kaunas, Lituania. Kharkiv, Ukr...

 

George Palade

George Emil PaladeLahir19 November 1912Iaşi, RumaniaMeninggal7 Oktober 2008(2008-10-07) (umur 95)KebangsaanRumaniaWarga negaraAmerika SerikatAlmamaterSekolah Kedokteran Carol DavilaDikenal atasRetikulum endoplasmaPenghargaanPenghargaan Nobel dalam Fisiologi atau Kedokteran 1974Karier ilmiahBidangAhli biologi sel George Emil Palade (19 November 1912 – 7 Oktober 2008) adalah ahli biologi sel Amerika Serikat kelahiran Rumania yang dianugerahi Penghargaan Nobel dalam Fisiolo...

 

Midhat Pasha

Midhat Pasha Nama asli Midhat Pasha (1822-1884) ialah Ahmad Syafiq. Ia menempuh studi tingkat pertamanya dengan pemikiran ketimuran, mempelajari Bahasa Arab dan Persia serta bisa menguasainya dengan baik. Pada 1860 ia menjadi Gubernur Nicea dan menunjukkan kemampuannya, kemudian menjadi Gubernur Tona, Danube (kini Bosnia Herzegovina) pada 1864 selama 3 tahun, lalu ke Istambul untuk bekerja sebagai Ketua Syuro Negara selama setahun. Lalu jadi Gubernur Baghdad. Karena berbeda pendapat dengan Me...

Enthrean Guardian

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Maret 2016. Enthrean GuardianIndustriIndustri permainan videoDidirikanSalatiga, Indonesia (2012)PendiriJasson PrestilianoDidik NugrohoKantorpusat Salatiga, IndonesiaSitus webwww.enthrean.com Enthrean Guardian adalah sebuah studio pengembangan video game indie yang b...

 

Estação Manuel de Falla

Este artigo não cita fontes confiáveis. Ajude a inserir referências. Conteúdo não verificável pode ser removido.—Encontre fontes: ABW  • CAPES  • Google (N • L • A) (Fevereiro de 2013) Manuel de Falla é uma estação da Linha 10 do Metro de Madrid. Este artigo é um esboço. Você pode ajudar a Wikipédia expandindo-o. Editor: considere marcar com um esboço mais específico. vde Linha 10 - Metro de Madrid Hospital Infanta...

 

Le Boucq de Beaudignies

Le Boucq de Beaudignies is een geslacht waarvan leden vanaf 1640 in de adelstand werden verheven en waarvan een lid in 1845 werd erkend te behoren tot de (moderne) Belgische adel. Geschiedenis Het kasteel van Skeuvre in 2005 De stamreeks gaat terug tot Noël le Boucq (1490-1567) die in 1490 voor het eerst wordt vermeld vanwege zijn geboorte in Valenciennes. In die laatste stad vervulden leden de functie van onder andere schepen van de 16e tot de 18e eeuw. Vanaf de 17e eeuw volgden adelsverhef...

Функції Бесселя

Даніель Бернуллі Фрідріх Бессель Функції Бесселя в математиці — сімейство функцій, що є канонічними розв'язками диференціального рівняння Бесселя: x 2 d 2 y d x 2 + x d y d x + ( x 2 − α 2 ) y = 0 , {\displaystyle x^{2}{\frac {d^{2}y}{dx^{2}}}+x{\frac {dy}{dx}}+(x^{2}-\alpha ^{2})y=0,} де α {\displaystyle \alpha } — довільне дійсн...

 

Katrina (novel)

Katrina First edition (Swedish)AuthorSally SalminenCountryFinlandLanguageSwedishGenreNovelPublisherHolger Schildts förlag[1]Publication date1936Media typePrint (Hardback & Paperback)[2]Pages347 [2]ISBN951-50-0645-7 [2]OCLC31812325LC ClassPT9875.S23 K38 1994 Katrina is a Swedish language novel published in 1936, written by Åland author Sally Salminen. The publishing company Holger Schildts Förlag had announced a writing competition, for which Sa...

 

محمد كرم شاه الأزهري

محمد كرم شاه الأزهري   معلومات شخصية الميلاد 1 يوليو 1918  بهيرة  [لغات أخرى]‏  الوفاة 7 أبريل 1998 (79 سنة)   إسلام آباد  مواطنة باكستان الراج البريطاني  الحياة العملية المدرسة الأم جامعة القاهرةجامعة البنجابجامعة الأزهر  المهنة قاضٍ  تعديل مصدري - تعدي...

University of North Carolina at Charlotte

Die University of North Carolina at Charlotte (auch UNC Charlotte[1] genannt) ist eine staatliche Universität in Charlotte im US-Bundesstaat North Carolina. Die Hochschule wurde 1946 gegründet. Hier sind ca. 28.700 Studenten eingeschrieben, bis zum Jahr 2020 soll die Zahl der Studierenden auf 35.000 wachsen. Die UNC Charlotte ist Teil des University of North Carolina-Systems. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Organisation 2 Sport 3 Amoklauf 4 Persönlichkeiten 4.1 Bekannte Professoren 4.2 Bekann...

 

Nuno Álvares Pereira de Melo

Nuno Álvares Pereira de MeloAdipati Cadaval, Marquis FerreiraKelahiran4 November 1638Kematian29 Januari 1725AyahFrancisco de Melo, marquis ketiga FerreiraIbuJoana PimentelPasanganMaria de FaroMaria Angélica HenriquetaMargueriteAgamaKatolik Roma Nuno Álvares Pereira de Melo (Évora, 4 November 1638 - Lisboa, 27 Januari 1725[1]) adalah bangsawan Portugis dan Adipati Cadaval setelah penciptaan gelar pada 26 April 1648 oleh Piagam Kerajaan Raja João IV.[1] Biografi Setelah pen...

 

مستعمرات ما وراء البحار السويدية

مستعمرات ما وراء البحار السويدية Svenska kolonier (السويدية) Empire 1638–1663 17331784–1878 مستعمرات ما وراء البحار السويديةعلم مستعمرات ما وراء البحار السويديةشعار الشعار الوطني : I Gud mitt hoppأملي في الله النشيد : Kungssången أغنية الملك خريطة الإمبراطورية السويدية جُمعت فيها كامل الأقاليم الت

Dragon Ball: Revenge of King Piccolo

2009 video gameDragon Ball: Revenge of King PiccoloEuropean coverDeveloper(s)Media.VisionPublisher(s)Namco Bandai Games[a]SeriesDragon BallPlatform(s)WiiReleaseJP: July 23, 2009 (2009-07-23)AU: October 15, 2009 (2009-10-15)[1]NA: October 20, 2009 (2009-10-20)EU: October 30, 2009 (2009-10-30)Genre(s)Action-adventure, beat 'em up, platformMode(s)Single-player, multiplayer Dragon Ball: Revenge of King Piccolo, released i...

 

Living in Stereo

Not to be confused with Loving in Stereo. 2013 single by R.I.O.Living in StereoSingle by R.I.O.Released15 March 2013Recorded2012–2013Length3:10LabelKontor RecordsSongwriter(s)Andres BallinasYann PeiferManuel ReuterR.I.O. singles chronology Summer Jam (2012) Living in Stereo (2013) Ready or Not (2013) Living in Stereo is a song by German dance band R.I.O., released for digital download in Germany on 15 March 2013. Living in Stereo achieved minor commercial success, peaking at number 41 on th...

 

Up Jumps da Boogie

1997 single by Timbaland & Magoo featuring Aaliyah and Missy ElliottUp Jumps da BoogieSingle by Timbaland & Magoo featuring Aaliyah and Missy Elliottfrom the album Welcome to Our World ReleasedJuly 11, 1997Recorded1996GenreHip hopLength4:55LabelBlackgroundAtlanticSongwriter(s)Melissa ElliottTimothy MosleyMelvin BarcliffRod TempertonProducer(s)TimbalandTimbaland & Magoo singles chronology Up Jumps da Boogie (1997) Luv 2 Luv U (1997) Aaliyah singles chronology 4 Page Letter(...

Warfare in Sumer

Phalanx on the Stele of the Vultures Warfare in Sumer predominantly consisted of small-scale conflicts between nearby city-states. Sumerian armies consisted of bronze-armoured soldiers armed with various weapons, including spears, swords and sickle-swords, engaging each other in phalanx-like formations. When besieging cities, battering rams and sappers would be used to breach the defences; on the open battlefield, chariots were also used. Most wars were fought because of inter-city rivalries,...

 

Lucifer

Mythological and religious figure This article is about the mythological and religious figure. For other uses, see Lucifer (disambiguation). The Fallen Angel (1847) by Alexandre Cabanel (Musée Fabre, Montpellier) Lucifer is the Latin name for the morning appearances of the planet Venus. It corresponds to the Greek names Phosphorus Φωσφόρος, light-bringer, and Eosphorus Ἑωσφόρος, dawn-bringer. The entity's Latin name was subsequently absorbed into Christianity as a name for t...

 

Dalavayi

Hyder Ali, Dalavayi of the Kingdom of Mysore A Dalavayi also spelled Dalwai, Dalavay and Dalvoy was a Commander-in-chief[1][2] in Peninsular India. In the Vijayanagara Empire, Vira Narasimha Raya was appointed to the position before being crowned the Emperor of Vijayanagara. And in the Kingdom of Mysore, Commander Hyder Ali and his eldest son Tipu Sultan were appointed to this position. The word Dalavayi is a Prakrit or vernacular form of the Sanskrit word Dalapati (which lite...

Expansion (album)

2004 live album by Dave BurrellExpansionLive album by Dave BurrellReleasedJune 8, 2004RecordedDecember 2003GenreAvant-garde jazzLabelHigh Two RecordsProducerDave BurrellDave Burrell chronology Recital(2001) Expansion(2004) Margy Pargy(2005) Expansion is a live album released by jazz pianist Dave Burrell. It was recorded during a number of concerts in December 2003 and was released on June 8, 2004 by High Two. The group that Burrell toured with was referred to as the Full-Blown Trio an...

 

John Doveton

Sir John DovetonBorn1768St. HelenaDied7 November 1847Madras, British IndiaBuriedSt. Mary's ChurchAllegiance East India CompanyService/branchMadras ArmyYears of service1783-1820RankLieutenant-generalBattles/warsThird Anglo-Mysore WarFourth Anglo-Mysore WarThird Anglo-Maratha WarAwardsKnight Grand Cross of the Order of the BathCompanion of the Bath Lieutenant-general Sir John Doveton GCB, CBE (1768 – 7 November 1847) was a British military officer in the East India Company's Madr...

 
Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya