As of the 2011 Census of Bangladesh, Agailijhara upazila has a population of 149,456 living in 32,839 households. Agailijhara has an average literacy rate of 56.67% (7+ years) and a sex ratio of 1064 females per 1000 males. 10,857 (7.26%) of the population lives in urban areas.[5]
According to the 1991 Bangladesh census, Agailjhara had a population of 147,343 distributed among 30,560 households. 50.93% of the population was male, and 49.07% was female. There were 76,524 people aged 18 or over. Agailjhara had an average literacy rate of 42.4% (7+ years schooling), compared to the national average of 32.4%.
In the 2001 Bangladesh census, Agailjhara had a total population of 155,661 whereby males accounted for 50.23% (78,193) of the community, while 49.76% (77,468) were women.
Islam is the predominant religion with 82,720 people identifying as Muslims, 63175 as Hindus, 3553 as Christians and 8 people worshipping other faiths. Agailjhara Upazila has the highest percentage share of Hindus among the 10 upazilas of Barisal district but both the absolute numbers and the share of population has decreased since 1981.[5]
Agailjhara formed as a thana on 16 June 1981 and became an upazila on 7 November 1983.
Agailjhara Upazila is divided into five union parishads: Bagdha, Bakal, Gaila, Rajiher, and Ratanpur. The union parishads are subdivided into 78 mauzas and 96 villages.[8]
^"Bangladesh Postal Code". Dhaka: Bangladesh Postal Department under the Department of Posts and Telecommunications of the Ministry of Posts, Telecommunications and Information Technology of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. 21 October 2024.