Detlef Weigel

Detlef Weigel
Detlef Weigel
	Weigel in 2016
Born	December 15, 1961 (age 62); Dannenberg (Elbe), Germany
Nationality	German and US (naturalized)
Alma mater	Bielefeld University, University of Cologne
Awards	McClintock Prize (2019); Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize[citation needed]
	Scientific career
Fields	Biology
Institutions	Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology; University of Tübingen; Salk Institute
Doctoral advisor	Herbert Jäckle [de]
Website	weigelworld.org

Detlef Weigel (born 1961 in Lower Saxony, Germany) is a German American^[2] scientist working at the interface of developmental and evolutionary biology.

Education

Weigel was an undergraduate in biology and chemistry at the universities of Bielefeld and Cologne. In 1986, he graduated with a Diploma in biology for this thesis on Drosophila neurogenesis with the late José Campos-Ortega. In 1988, he moved to the Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology in Tübingen. During his PhD work with Herbert Jäckle [de],^{[citation needed]} he discovered the founding member of an important class of transcription factors, the Forkhead/FOX proteins.^[3]^[4] In 1988, he graduated with a PhD (summa cum laude) from the University of Tübingen.

Career and research

Weigel began to work with plants during his postdoctoral research with Elliot M. Meyerowitz at Caltech, where he cloned the floral regulator LEAFY from Arabidopsis thaliana.^[5] From 1993 to 2002, he was an Assistant and then Associate Professor at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla. In 2002, he accepted an appointment as Scientific Member and Director at the Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, where he founded the Department for Molecular Biology. He is also an adjunct professor at the Salk Institute and the University of Tübingen. In 2012, Weigel co-founded the plant bioinformatics startup company Computomics in Tübingen. He is Co-Editor-in-Chief of eLife.^[6]

During the 1990s, Weigel mostly studied the development of individual flowers and how the onset of flowering is regulated. His group made important discoveries in both areas. Together with Ove Nilsson, he demonstrated that transfer of the LEAFY gene from Arabidopsis thaliana to aspen trees was sufficient to reduce the time to flowering from years to months.^[7] Weigel and his team isolated the FT gene,^[8] which was later found to be an important component of the mobile signal inducing flowering.^[9] New genetic tools developed by his group led to the discovery of the first microRNA mutant in plants.^[10]

Through his study of factors that control the onset of flowering, a quintessential adaptive trait, Weigel became interested in more general questions of evolution. Apart from work on genetic variation in environment-dependent developmental processes, his group is known for the generation of extensive genomic resources, such as the first haplotype map for a non-mammalian species.^[11]^[12] To further exploit and advance the understanding of genetic variation, Weigel and colleagues initiated the 1001 Genomes project for Arabidopsis thaliana. Related to this is a new area of interest, in genetic barriers. In collaboration with Jeffery Dangl, his group discovered that such barriers in plants are often associated with autoimmunity. They could show that in certain hybrid offspring, specific gene products contributed by one of the parents may be inappropriately recognized as foreign and pathogenic, and thus trigger pervasive cell death throughout the plant.^[13] Most of the causal genes encode components of the immune system, indicating that there are constraints on the assembly of an optimal immune system.^[14] Several cases have been examined in detail and shown to be due to direct protein-protein interactions.^[15]^[16]

Honors and awards

1989 Dieter Rampacher Award of the Max Planck Society
1994 Young Investigator Award of the National Science Foundation
2001 Charles Albert Shull Award of the American Society of Plant Biologists
2003 Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO)
2007 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
2008 Member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
2009 Member of the US National Academy of Sciences
2010 Otto Bayer Award of the Bayer Foundations
2010 Foreign Member of the Royal Society
2011 Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science
2011 State Research Prize of Baden-Württemberg
2015 Mendel Medal of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
2016 Genetics Society of America Medal
2019 McClintock Prize^[1]
2019 Member of American Academy of Arts and Sciences
2020 Novozymes Prize of the Novo Nordisk Foundation

References

^ ^a ^b "Detlef Weigel will receive the Barbara McClintock Prize 2019". www.mpg.de.
^ "Detflef Weigel, National Academy of Science". www.nasonline.org.
^ Weigel D, Jürgens G, Küttner F, Seifert E, Jäckle H (1989). "The homeotic gene fork head encodes a nuclear protein and is expressed in the terminal regions of the Drosophila embryo". Cell. 57 (4): 645–658. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(89)90133-5. PMID 2566386. S2CID 12317967.
^ Weigel D, Jäckle H (1990). "The fork head domain, a novel DNA-binding motif of eucaryotic transcription factors?". Cell. 63 (3): 455–456. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90439-L. PMID 2225060. S2CID 1986657.
^ Weigel D, Alvarez J, Smyth DR, Yanofsky MF, Meyerowitz EM (1992). "LEAFY controls floral meristem identity in Arabidopsis". Cell. 69 (5): 843–859. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90295-N. PMID 1350515.
^ "Leadership team".
^ Weigel D, Nilsson O (1995). "A developmental switch sufficient for flower initiation in diverse plants". Nature. 377 (6549): 495–500. Bibcode:1995Natur.377..495W. doi:10.1038/377495a0. PMID 7566146. S2CID 4346606.
^ Kardailsky I, Shukla VK, Ahn JH, Dagenais N, Christensen SK, Nguyen JT, Chory J, Harrison MJ, Weigel D (1999). "Activation tagging of the floral inducer FT". Science. 286 (5446): 1962–1965. doi:10.1126/science.286.5446.1962. PMID 10583961.
^ Wigge PA, Kim MC, Jaeger KE, Busch W, Schmid M, Lohmann JU, Weigel D (2005). "Integration of spatial and temporal information during floral induction in Arabidopsis". Science. 309 (5737): 1056–1059. Bibcode:2005Sci...309.1056W. doi:10.1126/science.1114358. PMID 16099980. S2CID 20425470.
^ Palatnik JF, Allen E, Wu X, Schommer C, Schwab R, Carrington JC, Weigel D (2003). "Control of leaf morphogenesis by microRNAs". Nature. 425 (6955): 257–263. Bibcode:2003Natur.425..257P. doi:10.1038/nature01958. PMID 12931144. S2CID 992057.
^ Clark RM, Schweikert G, Toomajian C, Ossowski S, Zeller G, Shinn P, Warthmann N, Hu TT, Fu G, Hinds DA, Chen H, Frazer KA, Huson DH, Schölkopf B, Nordborg M, Rätsch G, Ecker JR, Weigel D (2007). "Common sequence polymorphisms shaping genetic diversity in Arabidopsis thaliana". Science. 317 (5836): 338–342. Bibcode:2007Sci...317..338C. doi:10.1126/science.1138632. PMID 17641193. S2CID 39874240.
^ Kim S, Plagnol V, Hu TT, Toomajian C, Clark RM, Ossowski S, Ecker JR, Weigel D, Nordborg M (2007). "Recombination and linkage disequilibrium in Arabidopsis thaliana". Nat. Genet. 39 (9): 1151–1155. doi:10.1038/ng2115. PMID 17676040. S2CID 31681171.
^ Bomblies K, Lempe J, Epple P, Warthmann N, Lanz C, Dangl JL, Weigel D (2007). "Autoimmune response as a mechanism for a Dobzhansky-Muller-type incompatibility syndrome in plants". PLOS Biol. 5 (9): e23. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050236. PMC 1964774. PMID 17803357.
^ Chae E, Bomblies K, Kim ST, Karelina D, Zaidem M, Ossowski S, Martín-Pizarro C, Laitinen RA, Rowan BA, Tenenboim H, Lechner S, Demar M, Habring-Müller A, Lanz C, Rätsch G, Weigel D (2014). "Species-wide genetic incompatibility analysis identifies immune genes as hot spots of deleterious epistasis". Cell. 159 (6): 1341–1351. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.10.049. PMC 4269942. PMID 25467443.
^ Tran, Diep T.N.; Chung, Eui-Hwan; Habring-Müller, Anette; Demar, Monika; Schwab, Rebecca; Dangl, Jeffery L.; Weigel, Detlef; Chae, Eunyoung (2017). "Activation of a Plant NLR Complex through Heteromeric Association with an Autoimmune Risk Variant of Another NLR". Current Biology. 27 (8): 1148–1160. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.03.018. PMC 5405217. PMID 28416116.
^ Li, Lei; Habring, Anette; Wang, Kai; Weigel, Detlef (2020). "Atypical Resistance Protein RPW8/HR Triggers Oligomerization of the NLR Immune Receptor RPP7 and Autoimmunity". Cell Host & Microbe. 27 (3): 405–417.e6. doi:10.1016/j.chom.2020.01.012. PMID 32101702.