Lakhimpur figures largely in the annals of Assam as the region where tribes from the east first reached the Brahmaputra. The most prominent of them was the Chutiya rulers who held the areas of the present district for long, until the outbreak of the Ahom-Chutiya conflict in the 16th century and eventually the area came under the rule of the Ahom dynasty. The Ahoms created a new position called Bhatialia Gohain to control the region.[3] The area was later given by Ahoms to the Baro-Bhuyans to rule like feudal lords, as they had helped defeat the Chutiya and Kachari kingdoms. There was a Chutia principality formed by the king Lakshminarayan in the start of the 15th century upon which the district has been named. The copperplate inscription of a land grant given by the Chutia king in the year 1403 CE in the west of the Subansiri river as well as the ruins between Dhal and Ghagar rivers (near present-day North Lakhimpur town) shows the evidence of the settlement. The Burmese, who had ruined the native kingdoms, at the end of the 18th century, was in 1826 expelled by the British under the Treaty of Yandabo. They placed the southern part of the state, together with Sivasagar under the rule of Purandar Singha; but it was not till 1838 that the whole was taken under direct British Administration.
According to the 2011 census Lakhimpur district has a population of 1,042,137,[2] roughly equal to the nation of Cyprus[6] or the US state of Rhode Island.[7] This gives it a ranking of 435th in India (out of a total of 640).[2] The district has a population density of 457 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,180/sq mi) .[2] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 17.06%.[2] Lakhimpur has a sex ratio of 965 females for every 1000 males,[2] and a literacy rate of 78.39%. 8.77% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Tribes make up 7.85% and 23.93% of the population respectively.[2]
At the time of the 2011 census, 57.8% of the population spoke Assamese, 17.64% Mishing, 12.96% Bengali, 2.46% Sadri, 2.35% Nepali, 1.21% Deori and 1.17% Hindi as their first language.[9]
The economy of Lakhimpur is mainly based on agriculture. Major crops are rice, tea, mustard, sugarcane, etc. A small number of SSc and MSc industries[12][13] are located in the district.
Etymology
The name Lakhimpur was derived from the name "Lakshmipur" which was given by the Sutiya king named Lakshminarayan who ruled during the 15th century. Later, it was changed by the Baro-Bhuyans to Lakhimpur, when they were made feudal lords of the region by the Ahoms after defeating the Sutiya kings and was kept in memory of the land (in present-day Darrang district), which they lost to the Koch kingdom.
Flora and fauna
In the year 1996 Lakhimpur district became home to the Bardoibum-Beelmukh Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of 11 km2 (4.2 sq mi).[14] It shares the park with Dhemaji district.
Geography
Lakhimpur district occupies an area of 2,277 square kilometres (879 sq mi),[15] comparatively equivalent to Indonesia's Yapen Island.[16]
Located in the North-East corner of the Indian State of Assam, the district of Lakhimpur lies on the North bank of the river Brahmaputra. It is bounded on the North by Lower Subansiri and Papumpare Districts of the state of Arunachal Pradesh and on the East by Dhemaji District. Majuli, the largest river-island district is on the South and Biswanath District is on the West. The Brahmaputra is navigable for steamers in all seasons as far as Dibrugarh, in the rainy season as far as Sadiya; its navigable tributaries within the district are the Subansiri River, Ranganadi, and Dikrong River. The exact location of the district is 26.48’ and 27.53’ Northern latitude and 93.42’ and 94.20' East longitude (approx.).
The district has three sub divisions -- Dhakuakhana, Narayanpur-Bihpuria and North Lakhimpur (sadar). Lakhimpur district has eight Police stations. viz. North Lakhimpur, Boginadi, Panigaon, Dhakuakhana, Ghilamara, Narayanpur, Laluk and Bihpuria.
The great Subansiri River has legends of once famous gold washing. But as of now, there is no any major exploration of minerals in the district, except some minor exploration for petroleum by the Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) near Dhakuakhana.
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