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St. George, Alaska

St. George
Anĝaaxchalux̂
City
Aerial view of St. George harbor
Aerial view of St. George harbor
St. George is located in Alaska
St. George
St. George
Location in Alaska
Coordinates: 56°36′20″N 169°33′35″W / 56.60556°N 169.55972°W / 56.60556; -169.55972
CountryUnited States
StateAlaska
Census AreaAleutians West
IncorporatedSeptember 13, 1983[1]
Government
 • MayorMark Merculief[2]
 • State senatorLyman Hoffman (D)
 • State rep.Bryce Edgmon (I)
Area
[3]
 • Total
182.31 sq mi (472.17 km2)
 • Land34.78 sq mi (90.08 km2)
 • Water147.52 sq mi (382.09 km2)
Elevation
197 ft (60 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
67
 • Density1.93/sq mi (0.74/km2)
Time zoneUTC-9 (Alaska (AKST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC-8 (AKDT)
ZIP code
99591
Area code907
FIPS code02-65800
GNIS feature ID1419161
Websitewww.stgeorgealaska.com/index.asp

St. George (Aleut: Anĝaaxchalux̂ or Sangiurgiix̂, Russian: Сент-Джордж) is a city in Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska, United States. It is the main settlement of St. George Island in the Pribilofs, a small island group in the Bering Sea. At the 2010 census, the population was 102, down from 152 in 2000.

History

The island was discovered by Gavriil Pribylov on June 25, 1786, during a search for the breeding grounds of northern fur seals. The island is named after Pribylov's ship, the St. George. St. George Island was the first of the Pribilofs to be discovered.[4]

Built in 1935, the sole church on the island is St. George Church, an Eastern Orthodox Church in the Diocese of Alaska of the Orthodox Church in America.

On February 29, 1996 the crab-fishing vessel All American ran aground on the island without loss of life.[5]

The 1996 wreck of the crab-fishing vessel All American on St. George Island.

Geography

St. George is located at 56°36′20″N 169°33′35″W / 56.60556°N 169.55972°W / 56.60556; -169.55972 (56.605546, −169.559584).[6]

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 182.4 square miles (472 km2), of which, 34.8 square miles (90 km2) of it is land and 147.6 square miles (382 km2) of it (80.94%) is water.

The city is served by an airport with scheduled service to St. Paul Island Airport and Unalaska Airport provided by Grant Aviation. Alaska Central Express also offers flights to Anchorage.

Climate

Climate data for St. George, Alaska (1991–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 43
(6) 		44
(7) 		44
(7) 		48
(9) 		63
(17) 		62
(17) 		71
(22) 		66
(19) 		59
(15) 		52
(11) 		47
(8) 		44
(7) 		71
(22)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 38.9
(3.8) 		39.0
(3.9) 		39.5
(4.2) 		42.6
(5.9) 		50.7
(10.4) 		54.5
(12.5) 		58.9
(14.9) 		58.3
(14.6) 		53.8
(12.1) 		48.8
(9.3) 		43.8
(6.6) 		41.4
(5.2) 		61.0
(16.1)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 30.3
(−0.9) 		31.5
(−0.3) 		31.4
(−0.3) 		35.4
(1.9) 		41.7
(5.4) 		47.2
(8.4) 		51.2
(10.7) 		52.4
(11.3) 		49.6
(9.8) 		43.3
(6.3) 		37.9
(3.3) 		33.7
(0.9) 		40.5
(4.7)
Daily mean °F (°C) 26.5
(−3.1) 		27.7
(−2.4) 		27.3
(−2.6) 		31.5
(−0.3) 		37.6
(3.1) 		43.3
(6.3) 		47.8
(8.8) 		49.3
(9.6) 		46.0
(7.8) 		39.5
(4.2) 		34.1
(1.2) 		29.8
(−1.2) 		36.7
(2.6)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 22.8
(−5.1) 		24.0
(−4.4) 		23.3
(−4.8) 		27.6
(−2.4) 		33.5
(0.8) 		39.4
(4.1) 		44.4
(6.9) 		46.2
(7.9) 		42.4
(5.8) 		35.7
(2.1) 		30.4
(−0.9) 		25.9
(−3.4) 		33.0
(0.6)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 9.3
(−12.6) 		9.5
(−12.5) 		10.9
(−11.7) 		15.0
(−9.4) 		25.2
(−3.8) 		32.4
(0.2) 		38.5
(3.6) 		39.9
(4.4) 		32.7
(0.4) 		25.8
(−3.4) 		20.1
(−6.6) 		11.2
(−11.6) 		4.1
(−15.5)
Record low °F (°C) 0
(−18) 		−6
(−21) 		−4
(−20) 		−3
(−19) 		15
(−9) 		26
(−3) 		30
(−1) 		32
(0) 		27
(−3) 		16
(−9) 		14
(−10) 		3
(−16) 		−6
(−21)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 1.17
(30) 		1.06
(27) 		0.80
(20) 		0.89
(23) 		1.01
(26) 		1.26
(32) 		1.97
(50) 		2.66
(68) 		2.53
(64) 		3.00
(76) 		2.25
(57) 		1.78
(45) 		20.38
(518)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 13.8 14.1 11.1 12.3 13.1 11.5 14.5 17.2 19.1 22.9 21.0 18.7 189.3
Source: NOAA[7]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
188092—
1890931.1%
191090—
192013853.3%
193015310.9%
194018319.6%
19501872.2%
196026441.2%
1970163−38.3%
1980158−3.1%
1990138−12.7%
200015210.1%
2010102−32.9%
202067−34.3%
U.S. Decennial Census[8]

St. George first appeared on the 1880 U.S. Census as an unincorporated Aleut village. Of its 92 residents, 88 were Aleut and 4 were White.[9] It returned again in 1890 with 93 residents, reporting 49 Natives (presumably Aleut), 36 Creoles (Mixed Russian & Native), and 8 Whites. It did not report on the 1900 census. From 1910 to 1940, it reported as "St. George Island." In 1950, it reported as St. George. In 1960, it reported again as "St. George Island." From 1970-onwards, it has reported as St. George. It formally incorporated in 1983.

As of the census[10] of 2000, there were 152 people, 51 households, and 42 families residing in the city. The population density was 4.4 inhabitants per square mile (1.7/km2). There were 67 housing units at an average density of 1.9 units per square mile (0.73 units/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 92.11% Alaska Native and 7.89% White.

There were 51 households, out of which 47.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.9% were married couples living together, 15.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.6% were non-families. 15.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.98 and the average family size was 3.29.

In the city, the age distribution of the population shows 36.8% under the age of 18, 5.3% from 18 to 24, 31.6% from 25 to 44, 19.7% from 45 to 64, and 6.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.4 males. For every 100 females aged 18 and over, there were 113.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $57,083, and the median income for a family was $60,625. Males had a median income of $50,625 versus $31,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $21,131. About 4.9% of families and 7.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.0% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those 65 or over.

Education

School children on St. George (15.April.1920)

St. George is served by the Pribilof Island School District. In 2004, the district began offering 9–12th grade to St. George students via video conference. Students have a choice: they can live at home and attend distance education classes or they can leave home and attend a boarding school like Mt. Edgecumbe High School.

In 2017, St. George School was closed entirely due to low enrollment. The district now offers a correspondence program for grades K-10.[11]

Geography and wildlife

The island is notable as being the breeding site of over 75% of the known population of red-legged kittiwakes.[12]

In 2016, a new species of beaked whale, Berardius beringiae, was discovered near the island.[13]

St. George Island is considered part of the Bering Sea Volcanic Province.[14]

References

  1. ^ 1996 Alaska Municipal Officials Directory. Juneau: Alaska Municipal League/Alaska Department of Community and Regional Affairs. January 1996. p. 128.
  2. ^ 2024 Alaska Municipal Officials Directory. Juneau: Alaska Municipal League. 2024.
  3. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on October 28, 2021. Retrieved October 29, 2021.
  4. ^ "Pribilof Islands Restoration Project Historical Overview". NOAA. November 10, 2005. Archived from the original on May 8, 2009. Retrieved January 22, 2009.
  5. ^ "alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (A)". Archived from the original on February 6, 2021. Retrieved June 7, 2019.
  6. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  7. ^ "NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on February 16, 2022. Retrieved February 16, 2022.
  8. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Archived from the original on December 11, 2020. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  9. ^ "Report on Population and Resources of Alaska at the Eleventh Census: 1890" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 29, 2017.
  10. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on December 27, 1996. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  11. ^ Kraegel, Laura (September 8, 2017). "Low Enrollment Forces St. George Island To Shut Down Its School". www.kucb.org. Archived from the original on August 11, 2019. Retrieved November 29, 2019.
  12. ^ Byrd, G. V.; Williams, J. C. (1993). "Red-legged Kittiwake". Birds of North America Online. Archived from the original on August 26, 2018. Retrieved August 26, 2018.
  13. ^ Rosen, Yereth (July 27, 2016). "New and rare whale species identified from carcass found in Pribilofs". Alaska Dispatch News. Archived from the original on July 28, 2016. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  14. ^ "The 40Ar/39Ar chronology and eruption rates of Cenozoic volcanism in the eastern Bering Sea Volcanic Province, Alaska". Archived from the original on June 3, 2012. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
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