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Third-party and independent candidates for the 2020 United States presidential election

Third-party and independent candidates for the 2020 United States presidential election
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Nominee Jo Jorgensen Howie Hawkins Rocky De La Fuente
Party Libertarian Green Alliance
Alliance Socialist American Independent
Reform
Natural Law
Home state South Carolina New York California
Running mate Spike Cohen Angela Nicole Walker Darcy Richardson
Popular vote 1,865,535 407,068 88,241
Percentage 1.18% 0.26% 0.06%
 
Nominee Gloria La Riva Kanye West Don Blankenship
Party Socialism and Liberation Independent Constitution
Alliance Peace and Freedom
Liberty Union 		Birthday
Home state California Wyoming West Virginia
Running mate Sunil Freeman Michelle Tidball William Mohr
Popular vote 85,685 70,950 60,080
Percentage 0.05% 0.04% 0.04%
 
Nominee Brock Pierce Brian T. Carroll Jade Simmons
Party Independent American Solidarity Independent
Alliance Independence Party
Home state Puerto Rico California Texas
Running mate Karla Ballard Amar Patel Claudeliah J. Roze
Popular vote 49,773 40,365 7,211
Percentage 0.03% 0.03% 0.005%
2020 U.S. presidential election
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Democratic Party
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← 2016 2020 2024 →

This article lists third-party and independent candidates, also jointly known as minor candidates, associated with the 2020 United States presidential election.

"Third party" is a term commonly used in the United States in reference to political parties other than the Democratic and Republican parties. An independent candidate is one not affiliated with any political party.

The list of candidates whose names were printed on the ballot or who were accepted as write-in candidates varied by state. More than a hundred candidates were on the ballot or formally registered as write-in candidates in at least one state.[1]

All minor candidates combined received less than 2% of the national votes.[2]

Summary

Appearing on every ballot, Libertarian Party nominee Jo Jorgensen performed the best of any third-party candidate, receiving 1,865,535 votes. Jorgensen received 187,910 votes in California, her best state vote total. She received 2.63% of the vote in South Dakota, her best state by percentage. Jorgensen was the only candidate to receive more than 2% of the vote in any one state.

Green Party candidate Howie Hawkins was the only other third-party candidate to receive more than 1% of the vote in any state, which he did in Maine. Hawkins also received his highest vote total in California, with 81,032 votes.

In Nevada, None of These Candidates received 1% of the vote.
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2020 United States presidential election results[2]
Presidential candidate Joe Biden Donald Trump Jo Jorgensen Howie Hawkins Rocky De La Fuente Gloria La Riva Kanye West
[a] 		Don Blankenship Brock Pierce Brian Carroll
Vice presidential candidate Kamala Harris Mike Pence Spike Cohen Angela Walker Darcy Richardson
[a] 		Sunil Freeman
[b] 		Michelle Tidball William Mohr Karla Ballard Amar Patel
Party or label[c] Democratic
[d] 		Republican
[e] 		Libertarian Green[f] Alliance
[g] 		PSL[h] Birthday Constitution
[i] 		Independent
[j] 		American Solidarity
EV access Ballot 538 538 538 381 183 195 84 165 115 66
Total 538 538 538 511 289 401 243 305 285 463
State/DC EV 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Others Total votes
Alabama[7] 9 849,624 1,441,170 25,176 [k] [k] [k] [k] [k] [k] [k] 7,312 2,323,282
Alaska[8] 3 153,778 189,951 8,897 [k] 318 [k] 1,127 825 [k] 4,634 359,530
Arizona[9] 11 1,672,143 1,661,686 51,465 1,557 190 285 3,387,326
Arkansas[10] 6 423,932 760,647 13,133 2,980 1,321 1,336 4,099 2,108 2,141 1,713 5,659 1,219,069
California[11] 55 11,110,639 6,006,518 187,910 81,032 60,162 51,038 [a] 185 2,605 1,291 17,501,380
Colorado[12] 9 1,804,352 1,364,607 52,460 8,986 636 1,035 8,089 5,061 572 2,515 8,667 3,256,980
Connecticut[13] 7 1,080,831 714,717 20,230 7,538 13 255 219 54 1,823,857
Delaware[14] 3 296,268 200,603 5,000 2,139 14 169 5 87 61 504,346
D. of Columbia[15] 3 317,323 18,586 2,036 1,726 855 693 3,137 344,356
Florida[16] 29 5,297,045 5,668,731 70,324 14,721 5,966 5,712 3,902 854 201 11,067,456
Georgia[17][l] 16 2,473,633 2,461,854 62,229 1,013 159 61 701 310 4,999,960
Hawaii[19] 4 366,130 196,864 5,539 3,822 931 1,183 – 574,469
Idaho[20] 4 287,021 554,119 16,404 407 1,491 49 3,632 1,806 2,808 163 34 867,934
Illinois[21] 20 3,471,915 2,446,891 66,544 30,494 8,046 18 9,548 288 6,033,744
Indiana[22] 11 1,242,498 1,729,857 58,901 989 895 70 3,033,210
Iowa[23] 6 759,061 897,672 19,637 3,075 1,082 [k] 3,210 1,707 544 [k] 4,883 1,690,871
Kansas[24] 6 570,323 771,406 30,574 669 332 4 579 99 1,373,986
Kentucky[25] 8 772,474 1,326,646 26,234 716 98 6,483 3,599 408 110 2,136,768
Louisiana[26] 8 856,034 1,255,776 21,645 987 4,897 860 749 2,497 4,617 2,148,062
Maine[27] 4 435,072 360,737 14,152 8,230 1,183 87 819,461
Maryland[28] 10 1,985,023 976,414 33,488 15,799 26 125 1,117 16 795 24,227 3,037,030
Massachusetts[29] 11 2,382,202 1,167,202 47,013 18,658 164[m] 16,327 3,631,402
Michigan[30] 16 2,804,040 2,649,852 60,381 13,718 2,986 7,235 963 127 5,539,302
Minnesota[31] 10 1,717,077 1,484,065 34,976 10,033 5,611 1,210 7,940 75 5,651 1,037 9,496 3,277,171
Mississippi[32] 6 539,398 756,764 8,026 1,498 3,657 1,279 659 1,161 1,317 1,313,759
Missouri[33] 10 1,253,014 1,718,736 41,205 8,283 64 3,919 664 77 3,025,962
Montana[34] 3 244,786 343,602 15,252 34 603,674
Nebraska[35] 5 374,583 556,846 20,283 [k] [k] [k] [k] 4,671 956,383
Nevada[36] 6 703,486 669,890 14,783 3,138 14,079 1,405,376
New Hampshire[37] 4 424,937 365,660 13,236 217 [k] [k] 82 [k] [k] [k] 2,073 806,205
New Jersey[38] 14 2,608,400 1,883,313 31,677 14,202 2,728 2,928 909[n] 2,954 27[n] 330[n] 3,255[o] 4,549,457
New Mexico[40] 5 501,614 401,894 12,585 4,426 1,640 1,806 923,965
New York[41] 29 5,244,886 3,251,997 60,383 32,832 25 437 2,219 55 22,656 999 372 8,616,861
North Carolina[42] 15 2,684,292 2,758,775 48,678 12,195 7,549 13,315 5,524,804
North Dakota[43] 3 115,042 235,751 9,371 [k] [k] [k] 1,860 362,024
Ohio[44] 18 2,679,165 3,154,834 67,569 18,812 1,450 372 5,922,202
Oklahoma[45] 7 503,890 1,020,280 24,731 5,597 2,547 3,654 1,560,699
Oregon[46] 7 1,340,383 958,448 41,582 11,831 [k] [k] [k] [k] [k] [k] 22,077 2,374,321
Pennsylvania[47] 20 3,458,229 3,377,674 79,380 1,282[p] [p] [p] [p] [p] [p] 362[p] 20,049 6,936,976
Rhode Island[48] 4 307,486 199,922 5,053 [k] 923 847 [k] [k] [k] 767 2,759 517,757
South Carolina[49] 9 1,091,541 1,385,103 27,916 6,907 1,862 – 2,513,329
South Dakota[50] 3 150,471 261,043 11,095 – 422,609
Tennessee[51] 11 1,143,711 1,852,475 29,877 4,545 1,860 2,301 10,279 5,365 762 2,676 3,053,851
Texas[52] 38 5,259,126 5,890,347 126,243 33,396 350 2,785[q] 2,809 11,315,056
Utah[54] 6 560,282 865,140 38,447 5,053 1,139 7,213 5,551 2,623 368 2,473 1,488,289
Vermont[55] 3 242,820 112,704 3,608 1,310 48 166 1,269 208 100 209 4,986 367,428
Virginia[56] 13 2,413,568 1,962,430 64,761 [k] [k] [k] [k] [k] 19,765 4,460,524
Washington[57] 12 2,369,612 1,584,651 80,500 18,289 [k] 4,840 [k] [k] [k] [k] 29,739 4,087,631
West Virginia[58] 5 235,984 545,382 10,687 2,599 0 9 25 5 40 794,731
Wisconsin[59] 10 1,630,866 1,610,184 38,491 1,089 110 411 5,146 5,259 6,485 3,298,041
Wyoming[60] 3 73,491 193,559 5,768 [k] [k] [k] [k] [k] 2,208 [k] 1,739 276,765
Total 538 81,283,501 74,223,975 1,865,535 407,068 88,241 85,685 70,950 60,080 49,773 40,365 254,458 158,429,631
Legend
Listed on ballot
Registered as write-in candidate
Write-in candidates allowed without registration
Not a candidate in the state/DC

Candidates who received more than 2,000 votes

The candidates below are listed in order of national vote totals.[2][u]

Jo Jorgensen, Libertarian Party

Further information: 2020 Libertarian Party presidential primaries and 2020 Libertarian National Convention

Libertarian candidate Jo Jorgensen was the only minor candidate to breach a million votes nationwide, getting more than 1% of the national votes and more than the margin between the two major candidates, Donald Trump and Joe Biden, in several battleground states.[62][63] She was also the only minor party candidate who was on the ballot in every state, plus Washington D.C.

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
2020 Libertarian Party ticket[64]
Jo Jorgensen Spike Cohen
for President for Vice President
Clemson University lecturer from South Carolina Podcaster and businessman from South Carolina
Campaign
Other candidates for the Libertarian Party nomination
Jacob Hornberger Vermin Supreme John Monds Jim Gray Adam Kokesh Dan Behrman
Founder and President of the Future of Freedom Foundation Performance artist, activist, and political satirist Former President of the Grady County, Georgia NAACP Former presiding judge for the Superior Court of Orange County, California Libertarian and anti-war political activist Software engineer and podcaster
— — —
— Campaign Campaign Campaign Campaign —
W: May 23, 2020
8,986 votes (20.55%)
236 first round delegates 		W: May 23, 2020
4,288 votes (9.81%)
171 first round delegates 		W: May 23, 2020
1 vote (<0.01%)
147 first round delegates 		W: May 23, 2020
42 votes (0.10%)
98 first round delegates 		W: May 23, 2020
2,728 votes (6.24%)
77 first round delegates 		W: May 23, 2020
2,337 votes (5.34%)
0 first round delegates
[64] [64] [65] [66] [67] [68]
Sam Robb Justin Amash Ken Armstrong Lincoln Chafee Max Abramson Kim Ruff
Software engineer and author
Former naval officer 		U.S. representative from MI-03 (2011–present) U.S. Coast Guard
commissioned officer
(1977–1994) 		Governor of Rhode Island (2011–2015) and U.S. Senator from Rhode Island (1999–2007) New Hampshire State Representative (2014–2016; 2018–present) Vice chair of the LPRadical Caucus
— — —
Campaign Campaign Campaign Campaign Campaign —
W: May 23, 2020
1,943 votes (5.06%)
0 first round delegates 		W: May 17, 2020
3 votes (0.01%)
17 first round delegates 		W: April 29, 2020
3,509 votes (8.03%)
0 first round delegates 		W: April 5, 2020
294 votes (0.67%)
1 (write-in) first round delegate 		W: March 3, 2020
2,052 votes (5.34%)
0 first round delegates 		W: January 11, 2020
3,045 votes (7.93%)
0 first round delegates
[68] [69] [70] [71] [72] [73]

Howie Hawkins, Green Party

Further information: 2020 Green Party presidential primaries and 2020 Green National Convention
Ballot access by state[f]
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Green Party ticket[f][74][75]
Howie Hawkins Angela Walker
for President for Vice President
Co-founder of the Green Party from New York ATU Local 998 Legislative Director (2011–2013) from South Carolina
Campaign
Additional party nominations: Legal Marijuana Now[ab][77]
Socialist Alternative[78][79]
Socialist Party USA[80]
Other candidates for the Green Party nomination
Dario Hunter
Officially recognized[ac] 		Sedinam
Moyowasifza-Curry 		Dennis Lambert Jesse Ventura David Rolde
Officially recognized[ac]
Member of the Youngstown Board of Education (2016–2020) Activist Documentary filmmaker Governor of Minnesota (1999–2003) Co-chair of the Greater Boston Chapter of the Green-Rainbow Party
— — —
Campaign — — — —
89.5 delegates (20.1%)
3,087 votes 		10.5 delegates (3.0%)
2,229 votes 		9 delegates (2.6%)
2,029 votes 		8 delegates (1.7%)
49 votes 		5.5 delegates (1.6%)
960 votes
[81] [82] [83] No candidacy [84]

Rocky De La Fuente, Alliance Party

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Alliance Party ticket[a][85]
Rocky De La Fuente Darcy Richardson
for President for Vice President
Businessman and perennial candidate from California Author, historian and political activist from Florida
Campaign
Additional party nominations: Reform Party
Natural Law Party of Michigan
American Independent Party
Other candidates for the Reform Party nomination
Max Abramson Johannon Ben Zion Phil Collins Souraya Faas
New Hampshire State Representative from the 20th Rockingham district Former 2020 presidential nominee of the Transhumanist Party from Arizona Former Libertyville Township Trustee and 2020 presidential nominee of the Prohibition Party from Nevada Former member of the Miami-Dade County Republican executive committee from Florida
Campaign Campaign
4 votes[86] 1 vote[86] 0 votes[86][87] Withdrew before convention
(endorsed De La Fuente)[86]

Gloria La Riva, Party for Socialism and Liberation

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Party for Socialism and Liberation ticket[b][88][89]
Gloria La Riva Sunil Freeman
for President for Vice President
Activist and writer from California Author and activist from the District of Columbia
Additional party nominations: Liberty Union Party
Peace and Freedom Party

Kanye West, Birthday Party

Ballot access by state[a]
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Birthday Party ticket[a][90][91]
Kanye West Michelle Tidball
for President for Vice President
Rapper, producer and fashion designer from Wyoming Preacher from Wyoming
Campaign

Don Blankenship, Constitution Party

Further information: 2020 Constitution Party presidential primaries and Constitution Party National Convention
Ballot access by state[i]
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Constitution Party ticket[i][92]
Don Blankenship William Mohr
for President for Vice President
Former CEO of Massey Energy from West Virginia Chairman of the U.S. Taxpayers Party of Michigan from Michigan
Campaign
Candidates for the Constitution Party nomination
Don Blankenship Charles Kraut Don Grundman Samm Tittle Daniel Clyde Cummings J. R. Myers
Former CEO of Massey Energy from West Virginia Author from Virginia Chairman of the Constitution Party of California 2012 and 2016 independent presidential candidate from Texas Physician from Utah Former Alaska Constitution Party Chairman
Convention
139.5 votes (1st ballot)
177 votes (2nd ballot)
Popular Vote
639 votes 		Convention
77.8 votes (1st ballot)
86.75 votes (2nd ballot)
Popular Vote
186 votes 		Convention
25.25 votes (1st ballot)
24 votes (2nd ballot)
Popular Vote
256 votes 		Convention
46.35 votes (1st ballot)
21.25 votes (2nd ballot)
Popular Vote
195 votes 		Convention
13.1 votes (1st ballot)
Popular Vote
133 votes 		Popular Vote
116 votes[ad]

Brock Pierce, independent

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
Independent[93][94]
Brock Pierce Karla Ballard
for President for Vice President
Director of the Bitcoin Foundation and former actor from Puerto Rico Entrepreneur from Pennsylvania
Campaign
Additional party nominations and ballot labels: American Shopping Party[95]
Independence Party of New York[96]
Freedom and Prosperity

Brian Carroll, American Solidarity Party

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 American Solidarity Party ticket[97][98]
Brian T. Carroll Amar Patel
for President for Vice President
Teacher from California Chairman of the American Solidarity Party from Illinois
Campaign
Other candidates for the American Solidarity Party nomination
Joe Schriner Joshua Perkins
Plumber and activist from Ohio Programmer from Texas
Campaign
[99]

Jade Simmons, independent

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
Independent[r][100][101]
Jade Simmons Claudeliah J. Roze
for President for Vice President
Classical concert pianist from Texas Defense contractor from Texas
Additional ballot label: Becoming One Nation

  Registered write-in   Unregistered write-in

Results by state
State Votes Percentage
Arizona 236 0.01%
Connecticut 22 –%
Delaware 28 0.01%
Florida 181 –%
Georgia 162 –%
Idaho 21 –%
Illinois 78 –%
Kansas 48 –%
Kentucky 29 –%
Louisiana 3,654 0.23%
Maryland 131 –%
Michigan 89 –%
Missouri 74 –%
Montana 6 –%
New York 155 –%
New Hampshire 7 –%
North Carolina 119 –%
Ohio 212 –%
Oklahoma 1,626 0.08%
Tennessee 68 –%
Wisconsin 36 –%
Utah 186 –%
West Virginia 6 –%
Vermont 1 –%
6 states 0 –%
7 states 0 0%
Total: 7,175 –%
Source: The Green Papers

Alyson Kennedy, Socialist Workers Party

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Socialist Workers Party ticket[102][103]
Alyson Kennedy Malcolm Jarrett
for President for Vice President
Mineworker and 2016 nominee from Texas Cook from Pennsylvania

  Unregistered write-in

Results by state
State Votes Percentage
Colorado 354 0.01%
Minnesota 643 0.02%
Louisiana 536 0.02%
Tennessee 2,576 0.08%
Vermont 195 0.05%
Washington 2,487 0.06%
8 states 0 0%
Total: 6,791 –%
Source: The Green Papers

Bill Hammons, Unity Party

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Unity Party ticket[104]
Bill Hammons Eric Bodenstab
for President for Vice President
Founder of the Unity Party from Texas Chairman of the Colorado Unity Party from Colorado
Campaign

  Unregistered write-in

Results by state
State Votes Percentage
Colorado 2,730 0.08%
Louisiana 662 0.03%
New Jersey 3,255 0.07%
Vermont 1 –%
6 states 0 0%
Total: 6,647 –%
Source: The Green Papers

Jerome Segal, Bread and Roses

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Bread and Roses ticket[105]
Jerome Segal John de Graaf
for President for Vice President
Philosopher from Maryland Documentary filmmaker and author from Washington
Campaign

  Unregistered write-in

Results by state
State Votes Percentage
Maryland 5,884 0.19%
Vermont 65 0.02%
8 states 0 0%
Total: 5,949 –%
Source: The Green Papers

Dario Hunter, Progressive Party

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
Dario Hunter
Dario Hunter
2020 Progressive Party ticket[106]
Dario Hunter Dawn Neptune Adams
for President for Vice President
Youngstown Board of Education member (2016–2020) and 2020 Green candidate for President from Ohio Activist from Maine
Additional party nominations: Oregon Progressive Party[107]

  Registered write-in   Unregistered write-in

Results by state
State Votes Percentage
Colorado 379 0.01%
Oregon 4,988 0.21%
Kansas 1 –%
Minnesota 1 –%
Ohio 27 –%
Washington 8 0%
2 states 0 –%
8 states 0 0%
Total: 5,404 –%
Source: The Green Papers

Phil Collins, Prohibition Party

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Prohibition Party ticket[108]
Phil Collins Billy Joe Parker
for President for Vice President
Former Libertyville Township Trustee from Nevada Former Marine from Georgia
Campaign
Previous nominees of the Prohibition Party
First nominees[109]
Bill Bayes C. L. Gammon
for President for Vice President
2016 Vice Presidential nominee
from Mississippi 		Historian from Tennessee
Bayes withdrew on March 21, 2019[110]
Second nominees[111]
C. L. Gammon Phil Collins
for President for Vice President
Historian from Tennessee Former Libertyville Township Trustee from Nevada
Gammon withdrew on August 2, 2019[112]

  Registered write-in   Unregistered write-in

Results by state
State Votes Percentage
Arkansas 2,812 0.23%
Colorado 568 0.02%
Illinois 3 –%
Maryland 10 –%
Mississippi 1,317 0.10%
New York 9 –%
Vermont 137 0.04%
Washington 0 0%
8 states 0 0%
Total: 4,856 –%
Source: The Green Papers

Jesse Ventura, Green Party of Alaska

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Green Party of Alaska ticket[f]
Jesse Ventura Cynthia McKinney
for President for Vice President
Governor of Minnesota (1999–2003) U.S. Representative from Georgia (1993–2003)

  Registered write-in   Unregistered write-in

Results by state
State Votes Percentage
Alaska 2,673 0.74%
California 611 –%
Rhode Island 11 –%
Vermont 6 –%
7 states 0 0%
Total: 3,036 –%
Source: The Green Papers

Mark Charles, independent

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
Independent[ae][114][115]
Mark Charles Adrian Wallace
for President for Vice President
Activist from the District of Columbia Community organizer and activist from Kentucky

  Registered write-in   Unregistered write-in

Results by state
State Votes Percentage
California 559 –%
Colorado 2,011 0.06%
Connecticut 11 –%
Delaware 8 –%
Georgia 65 –%
Illinois 75 –%
Kansas 29 –%
Kentucky 43 –%
Maryland 30 –%
Minnesota 112 –%
Montana 23 –%
Vermont 7 –%
Wisconsin 52 –%
West Virginia 11 –%
4 states 0 0%
8 states 0 0%
Total: 3,036 –%
Source: The Green Papers

Joe McHugh, independent

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
Independent[116]
Joe McHugh Elizabeth Storm
for President for Vice President
Marine veteran and entrepreneur from Michigan Attorney from Michigan

  Registered write-in   Unregistered write-in

State Votes Percentage
UT 2,229 0.15%
CO 614 0.02%
3 states 0 0%
9 states 0 0%
Source: The Green Papers 1 2

Other votes

A few states counted write-in votes for anyone, including people who did not declare themselves candidates and even non-human entities.[117][118] In Vermont, write-in preferences included well-regarded politicians (including misspellings), celebrities, fictional characters, and dieties.[119]

Candidates who received under 2,000 votes and alternative ballot options
Scattered write-ins 157,794
Blank / None of the above 132,870
Candidate Votes States reported from
On ballot Write-in
Samm Tittle 1,806 1 (NM) 3 (AK, NH, VA)
Tom Hoefling 1,331 1 (LA) 17 states
Brooke Paige 1,175 1 (VT)
Bernie Sanders 1,015 3 (NH, RI, VT)
Christopher LaFontaine 856 1 (VT)
Kyle Kopitke 815 2 (CO, VT)
Ricki Sue King 546 1 (IA)
Princess Jacob-Fambro 505 1 (CO) 7 states
Blake Huber 409 2 (CO, VT)
Joseph Tanniru 350 1 (CO) 4 states
Mitt Romney 336 3 (NH, RI, VT)
Tulsi Gabbard 282 3 (NH, RI, VT)
Todd Cella 223 10 states
Richard Duncan 213 1 (VT)
Kasey J. Wells 213 28 states
Jordan Scott 175 1 (CO)
Andrew Yang 148 3 (NH, RI, VT)
John Kasich 143 3 (NH, RI, VT)
Gary Swing 141 1 (VT)
Keith McCormic 126 1 (VT)
Mike Pence 121 3 (NH, RI, VT)
Source: The Green Papers 1 2 3

In Nevada, the ballots included the option "None of These Candidates", which received 14,079 votes.[36]

Debates

Primaries

Early on March 4, 2020, the Free & Equal Elections Foundation held a debate at the Hilton Chicago Hotel. Various third-party candidates, as well as minor candidates affiliated with the Democratic and Republican parties attended.[120] Some, but not all, of the participants would go on to be their parties nominees.

2020 Free & Equal debates
No. Date & Time Location Moderators Invited participants
 P  Participant. Democratic Libertarian Green Constitution American Solidarity Life and Liberty Transhumanist
Businessman
Mark Stewart
of Connecticut 		Activist
Dan Berhman
of Texas 		Carpenter
Erik Gerhardt
of Pennsylvania 		LNC Vice Chair
Arvin Vohra
of Maryland 		Activist
Sedinam Moyowasifza-Curry
of California 		Financial Advisor
Charles Kraut
of Virginia 		Educator
Brian Carroll
of California 		Activist
J.R. Myers
of Alaska 		Activist
Ben Zion
of Arizona
1a March 4, 2020
2:00 pm CST 		Chicago, Illinois Christina Tobin P P P P P P P P P
 P  Participant. Republican Democratic Libertarian Green /
Socialist 		PSL Independent
Futurist
Zoltan Istvan
of California 		Attorney
Mosie Boyd
of Arkansas 		Lieutenant
Ken Armstrong
of Hawaii 		Lecturer
Jo Jorgensen
of South Carolina 		Corporal
Adam Kokesh
of Indiana 		Activist
Vermin Supreme
of Massachusetts 		Tradesman
Howie Hawkins
of New York 		Activist
Gloria La Riva
of California 		Activist
Mark Charles
of the District of Columbia
1b March 4, 2020
6:30 pm CST 		Chicago, Illinois Christina Tobin P P P P P P P P P

General election

Two debates were held prior to the general election. The first was on October 8, 2020, in Denver, Colorado, with participation limited to candidates on the ballot in at least eight states.[121] A second debate with the same candidates occurred on October 24, 2020, in Cheyenne, Wyoming.[122]

2020 Free & Equal debates
No. Date & Time Location Moderators Invited participants
 P  Participant.
 A  Absent Invitee. 		Republican Democratic Libertarian Green /
Socialist 		PSL Alliance /
Reform 		Constitution American Solidarity Independent
President
Donald Trump
of Florida 		Former Vice President
Joe Biden
of Delaware 		Lecturer
Jo Jorgensen
of South Carolina 		Tradesman
Howie Hawkins
of New York 		Activist
Gloria La Riva
of California 		Businessman
Rocky De La Fuente
of California 		Businessman
Don Blankenship
of West Virginia 		Educator
Brian Carroll
of California 		Entrepreneur
Brock Pierce
of Puerto Rico 		Producer
Kanye West
of Wyoming
2 October 8, 2020
6:00 pm MDT 		Denver, Colorado Christina Tobin A A A P P A P P P A
3 October 24, 2020
6:00 pm MDT 		Cheyenne, Wyoming Christina Tobin A A A P P A A P P A

Withdrawn candidates

Declined

Individuals in this section were the subject of speculation that they might run for president as an independent or minor party candidate for the 2020 election but later said that they would not.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f In California, Kanye West was nominated by the American Independent Party as Rocky De La Fuente's vice presidential candidate, without either candidate's consent.[3]
  2. ^ a b The party's original vice presidential candidate was Leonard Peltier, who withdrew for health reasons[4] but remained listed in Illinois, Minnesota and Texas.
  3. ^ a b c In some states, some candidates were listed as independent or unaffiliated rather than their political party or label.
  4. ^ Also nominated by the Working Families Party in New York. Additional nomination by the Independent Party of Oregon was not listed on the ballot.[5]
  5. ^ Also nominated by the Conservative Party in New York.
  6. ^ a b c d e In Alaska, the Green Party nominated Jesse Ventura and Cynthia McKinney instead of the national candidates Howie Hawkins and Angela Walker, who then registered in that state as write-in candidates representing the Socialist Party USA. In Rhode Island, the Green Party refused to nominate a presidential candidate to the ballot.[6]
  7. ^ Nominated by the American Independent Party in California (with Kanye West for vice president), the Reform Party in Florida, and the Natural Law Party in Michigan.
  8. ^ Nominated by the Peace and Freedom Party in California, and the Liberty Union Party in Vermont.
  9. ^ a b c d e In New Mexico, the Constitution Party nominated Sheila "Samm" Tittle and David Carl Sandidge instead of the national candidates. In Alaska, Sheila "Samm" Tittle and John Wagner registered as a write-in candidates representing the Constitution Party in addition to the party's nomination of the national candidates to the ballot. In Arizona, where the Constitution Party did not have ballot access, Daniel Clyde Cummings and Ryan Huber registered as a write-in candidates representing the party instead of the national candidates.
  10. ^ Nominated by the American Shopping Party in Hawaii, and the Independence Party in New York. Registered with label Freedom and Prosperity in Louisiana.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq May have received write-in votes, which were not reported individually and are included in others.
  12. ^ This table reflects the results certified by the state, which recorded fewer votes in Fulton County than those reported by the county.[18]
  13. ^ Write-in votes unofficially compiled from results reported by local governments. Included in others.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Write-in votes unofficially compiled from results reported by counties.[39] Not included in totals.
  15. ^ Additionally 14,049 write-in votes unofficially compiled from results reported by counties,[39] not included in totals.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Write-in votes reported by the Federal Election Commission. May have received more write-in votes included in others.
  17. ^ Result certified by the state, which did not include 422 write-in votes for this candidate reported by Harris County.[53]
  18. ^ a b In Florida, Melissa Nixon was listed as Jade Simmons's vice presidential candidate.
  19. ^ In Alaska, John Wagner was listed as Sheila "Samm" Tittle's vice presidential candidate.
  20. ^ a b The Prohibition Party previously nominated Connie L. Gammon for president and Phil Collins for vice president. After Connie L. Gammon withdrew, the party nominated Phil Collins for president and Billy Joe Parker for vice president. In Arkansas, both sets of candidates remained listed on the ballot.
  21. ^ a b c The results certified by Texas recorded 1,866 write-in votes for candidate President R19 Boddie in Bexar County,[52] while the county reported that number as the total of all write-in votes for president and no vote for that candidate.[61] These disputed votes are included in the numbers shown in the table in this article, but disconsidered for ordering the candidates and for inclusion in the main section.
  22. ^ a b c d Unofficially compiled from results reported by the state. Included in others.
  23. ^ In Vermont, Taja Yvonne Iwanow was listed as Kyle Kopitke's vice presidential candidate.
  24. ^ a b c Registered as write-in candidates representing the Republican Party in addition to the party's nomination of the national candidates to the ballot.
  25. ^ In Minnesota, James Edward McFadden was listed as Marcus Sykes's vice presidential candidate.
  26. ^ a b Karen M. Short was listed as Sharon Wallace's vice presidential candidate in Maryland, but they were listed as separate candidates in the District of Columbia.
  27. ^ a b c d Registered as write-in candidates representing the Democratic Party in addition to the party's nomination of the national candidates to the ballot.
  28. ^ The Legal Marijuana Now Party originally nominated Mark Elsworth and later Rudy Reyes for president but in August decided to nominate Hawkins.[76]
  29. ^ a b Official recognition by the Green Party is needed in order to receive its nomination.
  30. ^ Myers was only on the ballot in Idaho, and did not participate in the National Convention.
  31. ^ Adrian Wallace replaced original vice-presidential nominee Sedinam Moyowasifza-Curry, who was removed from the campaign for unknown reasons.[113]

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