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Lingua tuscarora

Tuscarora
Ska꞉rù꞉ręʼ, skarò˙rə̨ˀ
Pronuncia:/ˌtʌskəˈrɔːrə/
Falado en: Estados Unidos de América
Rexións: Reserva das Seis Nacións
Extinción: 2 de decembro de 2020
Familia: Americana
 Iroqués
  Iroqués do norte
   Tuscarora-nottoway
    Tuscarora
Escrita: Alfabeto latino
Códigos de lingua
ISO 639-1: --
ISO 639-2: ---
ISO 639-3: tus
Mapa
Status

O tuscarora está clasificado como en perigo crítico polo Libro Vermello das Linguas Ameazadas da UNESCO[1]

A lingua tuscarora, cuxo autoglotónimo é skarò˙rə̨ˀ, é unha lingua morta que pertence á familia iroquesa e que foi falada outrora polo pobo tuscarora. Falouse no sur de Ontario, no Canadá, en Carolina do Norte e o noroeste do estado de Nova York na área das cataratas do Niágara, nos Estados Unidos, antes de extinquirse en 2020. A patria histórica dos tuscarora estaba no leste de Carolina do Norte, dentro e arredor de Goldsboro, Kinston e Smithfield.

O termo tuscarora (/ˌtʌskəˈrɔːrə/ quere dicir "xente do cánabo", xa que o cánabo era empregado en moitos aspectos da súa sociedade. Skarureh refírese á camisa longa que se usa como parte dos agasallos dos homes, polo que o nome significa literalmente "xente de camisa longa".

O derradeiro falante fluído de tuscarora morreu en 2020. A mediados da década de 1970, 50 persoas falábano na Reserva Tuscarora (Lewiston, Nova York) e na Reserva das Seis Nacións (preto de Brantford, Ontario). O Colexio Tuscarora de Lewiston esforzouse por manter viva a Tuscarora como lingua patrimonial ensinando aos nenos dende o xardín de infancia ata o sexto curso.

Notas

  1. Moseley, Christopher e Nicolas, Alexandre. "Atlas of the world's languages in danger". unesdoc.unesco.org. Consultado o 11 de xullo de 2022. 

Véxase tamén

Bibliografía

  • Rudes, Blair A. (1999). Tuscarora-English / English-Tuscarora Dictionary. Toronto, Ontario, Canadá: University of Toronto Press.
  • Rudes, Blair A., e Dorothy Crouse (1987). The Tuscarora Legacy of J. N. B. Hewitt: Materials for the Study of Tuscarora Language and Culture. Canadian Museum of Civilization, Mercury Series, Canadian Ethnology Service Paper No. 108.
  • Williams, Marianne Mithun (1976). A Grammar of Tuscarora. Garland studies in American Indian Linguistics.

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