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Amaurobiidae

Come leggere il tassoboxProgetto:Forme di vita/Come leggere il tassobox
Come leggere il tassobox
Amaurobiidae
Iwogumoa yaeyamensis
Classificazione scientifica
DominioEukaryota
RegnoAnimalia
SottoregnoEumetazoa
SuperphylumProtostomia
PhylumArthropoda
SubphylumChelicerata
ClasseArachnida
OrdineAraneae
SottordineAraneomorphae
SuperfamigliaAmaurobioidea
FamigliaAmaurobiidae
Thorell, 1870
Generi
vedi testo

Amaurobiidae Thorell, 1870 è una famiglia di ragni appartenente all'infraordine Araneomorphae.

Etimologia

Il nome deriva dal greco ἁμαυρός, amauròs, cioè indistinto, difficile a vedersi, oscuro e βίος, bìos, cioè vita, in pratica che vive nascosto, che tende a nascondersi, ed il suffisso -idae, che designa l'appartenenza ad una famiglia.

Comportamento

Sono noti per avere la ragnatela alquanto contorta e aggrovigliata, tanto da essere difficile a notarsi nell'intrico dei ramoscelli e avente vagamente la forma di imbuto. Per una corretta identificazione va considerato il cribellum di media grandezza dall'aspetto simile a quello dei ragni della famiglia Agelenidae, da cui se ne differenziano per le gambe più corte e per le filiere di dimensioni più piccole.

Amaurobiidae, distribuzione
Amaurobiuss ferox
Callobius sp.
Pimus sp.

Distribuzione

Diffusi nelle Americhe, in tutta l'Asia ad eccezione dell'India, della Penisola indocinese e di parte della penisola araba; in Marocco, Algeria, Libia, Etiopia e Repubblica Sudafricana; in Australia occidentale e Nuova Zelanda[1].

Tassonomia

Attualmente, a novembre 2020, si compone di 49 generi e 275 specie[1]:

  1. Altellopsis Simon, 1905 - Argentina
  2. Amaurobius C. L. Koch, 1837 - Regione olartica, USA, dall'Europa all'Asia centrale, Etiopia
  3. Anisacate Mello-Leitão, 1941 - Argentina, Cile
  4. Arctobius Lehtinen, 1967 - Regione olartica
  5. Auhunga Forster & Wilton, 1973 - Nuova Zelanda
  6. Auximella Strand, 1908 - Brasile, Perù, Ecuador
  7. Callevopsis Tullgren, 1902 - Cile, Argentina
  8. Callobius Chamberlin, 1947 - USA, Canada, Messico, Giappone, Corea
  9. Cavernocymbium Ubick, 2005 - USA
  10. Chresiona Simon, 1903 - Sudafrica
  11. Chumma Jocqué, 2001[2] - Sudafrica, Lesotho
  12. Cybaeopsis Strand, 1907 - USA, Canada, Russia, Giappone
  13. Dardurus Davies, 1976 - Queensland, Nuovo Galles del Sud
  14. Daviesa Koçak & Kemal, 2008 - Queensland
  15. Emmenomma Simon, 1884 - isole Falkland, Cile, Argentina
  16. Hicanodon Tullgren, 1901 - Cile, Argentina
  17. Himalmartensus Wang & Zhu, 2008 - Nepal
  18. Livius Roth, 1967 - Cile
  19. Macrobunus Tullgren, 1901 - Cile, Argentina, Sudafrica
  20. Malenella Ramírez, 1995[3] - Cile
  21. Maloides Forster & Wilton, 1989 - Nuova Zelanda
  22. Muritaia Forster & Wilton, 1973 - Nuova Zelanda
  23. Naevius Roth, 1967 - Perù, Argentina, Bolivia
  24. Neoporteria Mello-Leitão, 1943 - Cile
  25. Neuquenia Mello-Leitão, 1940 - Argentina
  26. Obatala Lehtinen, 1967 - Sudafrica
  27. Otira Forster & Wilton, 1973 - Nuova Zelanda, Queensland, Tasmania
  28. Ovtchinnikovia Marusik, Kovblyuk & Ponomarev, 2010 - Russia
  29. Oztira Milledge, 2011 - Australia, Tasmania
  30. Parazanomys Ubick, 2005 - USA
  31. Pimus Chamberlin, 1947 - USA
  32. Pseudauximus Simon, 1902 - Sudafrica
  33. Retiro Mello-Leitão, 1915 - Brasile, Ecuador, Venezuela, Colombia
  34. Rhoicinaria Exline, 1950 - Colombia, Ecuador
  35. Rubrius Simon, 1887 - Cile, Argentina
  36. Storenosoma Hogg, 1900 - Queensland, Victoria, Nuovo Galles del Sud
  37. Taira Lehtinen, 1967 - Cina, Giappone
  38. Tasmabrochus Davies, 2002 - Tasmania
  39. Tasmarubrius Davies, 1998 - Tasmania
  40. Teeatta Davies, 2005 - Tasmania
  41. Tugana Chamberlin, 1948 - Cuba, Hispaniola
  42. Tymbira Mello-Leitão, 1944 - Argentina
  43. Urepus Roth, 1967 - Perù
  44. Virgilus Roth, 1967 - Ecuador
  45. Wabarra Davies, 1996 - Queensland
  46. Waitetola Forster & Wilton, 1973 - Nuova Zelanda
  47. Yacolla Lehtinen, 1967 - Brasile
  48. Yupanquia Lehtinen, 1967 - Argentina
  49. Zanomys Chamberlin, 1948 - USA, Canada

Generi trasferiti, inglobati, non più in uso

Note

  1. ^ a b World Spider Catalogue, versione 21.5, Famiglie di ragni, con numero di generi e specie URL consultato il 27 novembre 2020, su wsc.nmbe.ch.
  2. ^ Genere trasferito dall'ex-famiglia Chummidae a seguito di un lavoro di Wheeler et al., del 2017; contra un successivo lavoro di Jocqué & Alderweireldt, del 2018
  3. ^ Genere trasferito qui dalla famiglia Anyphaenidae a seguito di un lavoro di Wheeler et al., del 2017
  4. ^ Genere trasferito alla famiglia Agelenidae a seguito di un lavoro degli aracnologi Kim & Lee (2006b)
  5. ^ a b c Genere trasferito alla famiglia Desidae a seguito di uno studio di Wheeler et al., del 2017
  6. ^ Considerato sinonimo di Orumcekia e ivi incluso da uno studio degli aracnologi Koçak e Kemal nel 2008 The world spider catalog, Amaurobiidae URL consultato il 10 dicembre 2009
  7. ^ a b Genere trasferito alla famiglia Toxopidae a seguito di uno studio di Wheeler et al., del 2017
  8. ^ inglobato nel genere Daviesa dagli aracnologi Koçak & Kemal a seguito di uno studio del 2008 The world spider catalog, Amaurobiidae URL consultato il 10 dicembre 2009
  9. ^ a b Genere trasferito alla famiglia Cycloctenidae a seguito di uno studio di Wheeler et al., del 2017

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

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