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Margherita di Boemia (1296-1322)

Margherita di Boemia
NascitaPraga, 21 febbraio 1296
Morte8 aprile 1322 (26 anni)
Luogo di sepolturaAbbazia cistercense di Zbraslav, Praga
DinastiaPřemyslidi
PadreVenceslao II di Boemia
MadreGuta d'Asburgo
ConsorteBoleslao III di Slesia
FigliVenceslao
Ludovico
Nicola
ReligioneCattolicesimo

Margherita di Boemia (in ceco Markéta Přemyslovna, in polacco Małgorzata Przemyślidka) (Praga, 21 febbraio 12968 aprile 1322) è stata una nobildonna boema, figlia di Venceslao II di Boemia e della sua prima moglie Guta d'Asburgo. I suoi nonni paterni furono Ottocaro II di Boemia e Cunegonda di Slavonia, mentre quelli materni Rodolfo I d'Asburgo e Geltrude di Hohenburg.

Biografia

Nel 1308, Margherita sposò Boleslao III il Prodigo al quale era stata fidanzata all'età di cinque anni per motivi dinastici.

Sin dall'arrivo di Boleslao alla corte di Praga ed al susseguente fidanzamento con Margherita, il re ebbe un occhio di riguardo nei confronti del futuro genero. Questo atteggiamento causò gelosie fra i più vicini congiunti maschi del re, che vedevano nel giovane Boleslao un rivale nella successione al trono di Boemia. Nonostante Venceslao II avesse un figlio maschio, l'improvvisa morte del re nel 1305 e un anno dopo quella del suo primogenito e successore Venceslao III di Boemia a Olomouc, lo posero in una inattesa favorevole posizione. Boleslao iniziò la sua lotta verso l'scesa al trono di Boemia assumendo il titolo di haeres Regni Poloniae (erede del regno di Polonia).

Il trono della Boemia passò a Enrico di Carinzia, che si era sposato con la sorella maggiore di Margherita, Anna di Boemia. Enrico ed Anna erano sul trono soltanto dall'anno precedente quando vennero deposti da Rodolfo I d'Asburgo. Egli sposò Elisabetta Richeza di Polonia che era la matrigna di Margherita. Nel 1307 morì Rodolfo ed Enrico ed Anna vennero invitati a tornare sul trono ma essi non diedero una pronta disponibilità. A quel punto le attenzioni si spostarono su Margherita e sulla sorella di Anna, Elisabetta. Quest'ultima era giovane e non sposata e Anna ed Enrico pensarono di farla sposare a Ottone di Löbdaburg, per ragioni politiche, ma Elisabetta rifiutò il matrimonio e sposò Giovanni I di Boemia che depose definitivamente dal trono Enrico ed Anna. Essi andarono a vivere in Carinzia dove Anna morì nel 1313 senza lasciare figli. Giovanni ed Elisabetta divennero re e regina di Boemia. Essi ebbero molti figli e fra essi il futuro imperatore Carlo IV e Bona di Lussemburgo; a questo punto le speranze di Boleslao e Margherita di divenire re e regina di Boemia erano divenute quasi nulle.

Margherita morì un giorno dopo aver partorito il suo ultimogenito. Nel 1326, Boleslaw sposò, in seconde nozze, Caterina (m. prima del 5 marzo 1358), figlia di Mladen III Šubić[1] e di sua moglie Elena, figlia del re Stefano Uroš III Dečanski[2]. Tramite suo padre, Caterina era cugina prima di Stjepan Tvrtko I, il primo re di Bosnia[3]. Essi non ebbero figli. Nel suo testamento Boleslaw lasciò il ducato di Brieg alla sua vedova, che regnò fino alla morte.

Figli

Margherita e Boleslaw ebbero tre figli:[4][5]

  1. Venceslao I (n. ca. 1318 - m. 2 giugno 1364).
  2. Ludovico I il Giusto (n. ca. 1321 - m. 6/23 dicembre 1398).
  3. Nicola (n. e m. Hradec Králové, 7 aprile 1322).

Ascendenza

Genitori Nonni Bisnonni Trisnonni
Venceslao I di Boemia Ottocaro I di Boemia  
 
Costanza d'Ungheria  
Ottocaro II di Boemia  
Cunegonda di Svevia Filippo di Svevia  
 
Beatrice di Borgogna  
Venceslao II di Boemia  
Rostislav Michajlovič Michele I, Granduca di Kiev  
 
Elena Romanovna  
Cunegonda di Slavonia  
Anna d'Ungheria Béla IV d'Ungheria  
 
Maria Lascaris di Nicea  
Margherita di Boemia  
Alberto IV il Saggio Rodolfo il Vecchio  
 
Agnese di Staufen  
Rodolfo I d'Asburgo  
Heilwig di Kiburg  
 
 
Guta d'Asburgo  
Burcardo V di Hohenberg Burcardo IV di Hohenberg  
 
Valpurga di Aichelberg  
Gertrude di Hohenberg  
Matilde di Tubinga Rodolfo II di Tubinga  
 
? di Ronsberg  
 

Note

  Portale Biografie: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di biografie
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