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Terzina (musica)

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La terzina[1], nel sistema metrico occidentale, è un gruppo irregolare per eccesso o sovrabbondante costituito nella maggior parte dei casi in uso, da tre figure musicali di ugual durata che occupano uno spazio sul pentagramma minore del loro valore nominale. Le terzine, se inserite in un tempo semplice (come ad esempio un 2/4, 3/4, 4/4 ecc.), cambiano il movimento di ritmo binario in movimento di ritmo ternario.

Notazione

Una terzina di crome

Un gruppo di tre note che formano una terzina risulterebbe ovviamente sovrabbondante rispetto alla durata complessiva della battuta se alle note della terzina fosse attribuito il loro valore nominale. Per poter essere identificate, le terzine posseggono una speciale notazione, secondo la quale la terzina è indicata con la cifra 3 scritta al di sopra (o talvolta al di sotto) delle tre note, che possono essere o meno unite da una legatura. Nel caso essa sia presente, non costituisce né una legatura di valore né di portamento, bensì un segno convenzionale che identifica la terzina stessa, al pari della cifra tre.

Caratteristiche

La terzina è il più delle volte costituita da note nominalmente uguali a quelle della suddivisione del metro principale, ed è impiegata quasi esclusivamente nei tempi a suddivisione pari. Essa è un elemento ritmico dalla tradizione talmente consolidata nella letteratura musicale occidentale da non essere più percepita come un'irregolarità metrica, ma come uno dei procedimenti tipici per l'animazione del ritmo di un brano musicale. Esecutivamente le terzine all'interno di una battuta semplice (ad esempio un 2/4, 3/4 o 4/4 ecc.) cambiano la scansione ritmica di quel frammento musicale da binaria a ternaria. A causa del suo larghissimo impiego, è impossibile definire, anche in maniera approssimativa, il suo carattere musicale, che può essere estremamente variabile da un caso all'altro.

Note

  1. ^ Domenico Serantoni, Trattato sui fondamenti della teoria musicale.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

  Portale Musica: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di musica

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