Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

Operação Ouro

Oficiais soviéticos dentro do túnel.

A Operação Ouro (em inglês: Operation Gold; conhecido também como Operation Stopwatch) foi uma operação arquitetada, financiada e conduzida pela CIA (a agência de inteligência dos Estados Unidos), apoiado pelo serviço secreto britânico. O plano, que foi orquestrado nos anos 50, no começo da Guerra Fria, tinha por objetivo construir um túnel que desse acesso as linhas de comunicação subterrâneas que iam até o quartel general do Exército Soviético em Berlim.[1]

O plano, contudo, foi descoberto pela KGB (a inteligência soviética) antes mesmo de sua implementação. O espião inglês George Blake, que servia como agente duplo para os russos, alertou Moscou sobre o que estava para acontecer. Em fevereiro de 1954 a primeira parte do túnel foi completada, porém os soviéticos estavam a par de tudo. A KGB passou então a fornecer material falso para que fosse interceptado. Nos onze meses em que o túnel esteve ativo, mais de 500 mil ligações foram interceptadas, quase todas com informações inúteis (mas até que a CIA pudesse atestar isso, muito tempo foi perdido com descriptografação). Quando o espião Blake foi transferido, os soviéticos relevaram o túnel ao mundo. Em 21 de abril de 1956, rodeado pela imprensa, agentes russos e alemães desenterraram o túnel e o expuseram.[2]

Foi só com a prisão do agente duplo George Blake em 1961, que os americanos confirmaram que os russos sabiam do plano antes mesmo dele ter sido implementado. O fracasso desta operação foi uma grande humilhação para a CIA e os Estados Unidos, e uma vitória, embora não decisiva, para a inteligência soviética no começo da Guerra Fria.[3]

Referências

  1. ↑ Stafford, David. Spies Beneath Berlin – the Extraordinary Story of Operation Stopwatch/Gold, the CIA's Spy Tunnel Under the Russian Sector of Cold War Berlin Overlook Press, 2002. ISBN 1-58567-361-7
  2. ↑ "The Berlin Tunnel Operation GOLD (US) - Cold War Museum". Página acessada em 4 de maio de 2014.
  3. ↑ David E. Murphy, Sergei A. Kondrashev, George Bailey. Battleground Berlin: CIA vs. KGB in the Cold War Yale University Press, 1999. ISBN 0-300-07233-3

Ligações externas

Read other articles:

Electoral district of Kyneton Boroughs

Former colonial electoral district of Victoria, Australia Kyneton BoroughsVictoria—Legislative AssemblyStateVictoriaCreated1856Abolished1889NamesakeTown of KynetonDemographicRuralCoordinates37°14′S 144°26′E / 37.233°S 144.433°E / -37.233; 144.433 Kyneton Boroughs was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly[1] in the Australian state of Victoria from 1856 to 1889. It included the towns of Kyneton, Malmsbury, Taradale, Carlsruhe and Woodend.&#...

 

تاريخ منطقة البحر المتوسط

هذه المقالة بحاجة لصندوق معلومات. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة صندوق معلومات مخصص إليها. كان البحر الأبيض المتوسط هو الطريق الرئيسي السريع للنقل والتجارة والتبادل الثقافي بين شعوب متنوعة تشمل ثلاث قارات:[1] غرب آسيا وشمال أفريقيا وجنوب أوروبا. إن تاريخ الثقافا

 

Altona-Altstadt

Altona-Altstadt Stato Germania CittàAmburgo DistrettoAltona Superficie2,7 km²[1] Abitanti26 160 ab.[1] (2010) Densità9 688,89 ab./km² Mappa dei quartieri di Coordinate: 53°32′56″N 9°56′52″E / 53.548889°N 9.947778°E53.548889; 9.947778 Altona-Altstadt è un quartiere della città tedesca di Amburgo. È compreso nel distretto di Altona. Note ^ a b Hamburger Stadtteil-Profile 2010 (pdf), p. 60 Altri progetti Altri progetti Wikimedia C...

بضع الصدر

بضع الصدر Thoracotomy تعديل مصدري - تعديل   شق الصدر[1] أو بضع الصدر[2] (بالإنجليزية: Thoracotomy)‏ هو شق في تجويف الجنبة من صدر الإنسان المحيط بالرئتين.[3] ويتم تنفيذه بواسِطة الجراحين (أو أطباء الطوارئ في ظل ظروف معينة) للوصول إلى الأجهزة الصدرية، والأجهزة الأكثر شيوعا هي ا

 

Kisbudmér

Kisbudmér   Vila   Localização KisbudmérLocalização de Kisbudmér na Hungria Coordenadas 45° 54' 53 N 18° 26' 46 E País Hungria Condado Baranya Características geográficas Área total 5,72 km² População total (2019) 101 ​​​​ hab. Código postal 7756 Kisbudmér é uma vila da Hungria, situada no condado de Baranya. Tem 5,72 km² de área e sua população em 2019 foi estimada em 101 habitantes.[1] Referências ↑ «Magyarorsz...

 

Sajik Baseball Stadium

Sajik Baseball StadiumSajik Baseball StadiumLocationSajik-dong, Dongnae-gu, Busan, South KoreaCoordinates35°11′38.5″N 129°03′41.8″E / 35.194028°N 129.061611°E / 35.194028; 129.061611OwnerCity of BusanCapacity24,500Field sizeLeft Field – 95.8 metres (314 ft)Left-Center – 113 metres (371 ft)Center Field – 121 metres (397 ft)Right-Center – 113 metres (371 ft)Right Field – 95.8 metres (314 ft)Outfield Wall Height – 6 metres ...

Faca de luta

Vários exemplares de facas de luta. Faca de luta é toda faca com uma lâmina projetada para infligir de forma mais eficaz uma lesão letal em um confronto físico entre dois ou mais indivíduos a uma distância muito curta (distância de luta).[1][2][3][4] A faca de combate e a faca de trincheira são exemplos de facas de luta militares.[1][5] As facas de luta eram tradicionalmente projetadas como armas de uso especial, destinadas principalmente, senão exclusivamente, ao uso em combate pes...

 

Madame Roland

Marie-Jeanne Roland de la PlatièreMadame Roland tak lama sebelum eksekusiLahirMarie-Jeanne Phlipon(1754-03-17)17 Maret 1754Paris, Kerajaan PrancisMeninggal8 November 1793(1793-11-08) (umur 39)Place de la Révolution, Paris, Republik Prancis PertamaPekerjaanaktivis politik, salonniere, penulisSuami/istriJean-Marie Roland de la Platière ​ ​(m. 1780; wafat 1793)​AnakEudora Roland de la PlatièreTanda tangan Marie-Jeanne 'Manon' Roland de la ...

 

Basilika Maria Hilf (Brezje)

Altarbild Mariahilfvon Leopold Layer Die Basilika Maria Hilf (slowenisch Bazilika Marije Pomagaj) ist die bedeutendste Wallfahrtskirche in Slowenien. Die dem Erzbistum Ljubljana unterstehende Kirche im Ort Brezje wurde 1988 von Papst Johannes Paul II. in den Rang einer Basilica minor erhoben.[1] Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Geschichte 2 Architektur 3 Weblinks 4 Einzelnachweise Geschichte Die eigentliche Kirche stammt aus dem 15. Jahrhundert und ist dem heiligen Vitus geweiht. Um 1800 wurde an...

The Equalizer 3

2023 film by Antoine Fuqua The Equalizer 3Theatrical release posterDirected byAntoine FuquaWritten byRichard WenkBased onThe Equalizerby Michael SloanRichard LindheimProduced by Todd Black Jason Blumenthal Denzel Washington Antoine Fuqua Steve Tisch Clayton Townsend Alex Siskin Tony Eldridge Starring Denzel Washington Dakota Fanning Eugenio Mastrandrea David Denman CinematographyRobert RichardsonEdited byConrad BuffMusic byMarcelo Zarvos[1]Productioncompanies Columbia Pictures Eagle P...

 

Станвуд (Мічиган)

У Вікіпедії є статті про інші географічні об’єкти з назвою Станвуд. Селище Станвудангл. Stanwood Координати 43°34′43″ пн. ш. 85°26′57″ зх. д. / 43.57861111113877683° пн. ш. 85.4491666666947793° зх. д. / 43.57861111113877683; -85.4491666666947793Координати: 43°34′43″ пн. ш. 85°26′57″ з�...

 

Фазовая модуляция

Технологии модуляцииАналоговая модуляция АМ ОМ (SSB) ЧМ (FM) ЛЧМ ФМ (PM) СКМ Цифровая модуляция АМн ФМн КАМ ЧМн GMSK OFDM COFDM TCM Импульсная модуляция АИМ ДМ ИКМ АДИКМ ΣΔ ШИМ ЧИМ ФИМ Расширение спектра FHSS DSSS CSS См. также: Демодуляция Модулирующий сигнал,несущаяи фазоманипулирова...

Gogol. The Beginning

2017 Russian filmGogol. The BeginningDirected byEgor BaranovWritten by Tikhon Kornev Kim Belov Alexey Chupov Natalya Merkulova Alexey Karaulov Philip Konyashov Produced by Alexander Tsekalo Artur Janibekyan Valeriy Fyodorovoch Evgeniy Nikishov Starring Alexander Petrov Oleg Menshikov Yevgeny Stychkin CinematographySergei TrofimovMusic byRyan OtterProductioncompanySredaRelease date 31 August 2017 (2017-08-31) Running time100 minutesCountryRussiaLanguageRussianBox office$ 7,757,9...

 

Yuri Manukyan

Armenian politician (1940–2013) Yuri ManukyanYuri Manukyan in the year prior to his death, September 2012.Born(1940-01-03)3 January 1940Yerevan, Armenian Soviet Socialist RepublicDied7 February 2013(2013-02-07) (aged 73)Yerevan, ArmeniaAlma materArmenian State Pedagogical UniversityOccupation(s)Politician, teacher and mathematician Yuri Avakovovich Manukyan (3 January 1940 – 7 February 2013; Armenian: Յուրի Ավագի Մանուկյան), was a Soviet and Armenian politicia...

 

Onchestos

Greek town in ancient Boeotia northwest of Thebes For the mythological figure, see Onchestos (mythology). Onchestus redirects here. For the genus of insect, see Onchestus (phasmid). For the river of ancient Thessaly, see Onchestus (river). OnchestosΟγχηστόςShown within GreeceLocationBoeotiaRegionGreeceCoordinates38°21′54″N 23°08′49″E / 38.364863°N 23.146959°E / 38.364863; 23.146959TypeCityHistoryPeriodsAncient Greece / Rome Onchestos or Onchestus (G...

Miami-Dade Police Department

County police department in Florida, US Not to be confused with Miami Police Department. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Miami-Dade Police Department – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Miami-Dade Police DepartmentSea...

 

Ritual slaughter

Ritual slaughter is the practice of slaughtering livestock for meat in the context of a ritual. Ritual slaughter involves a prescribed practice of slaughtering an animal for food production purposes. Ritual slaughter as a mandatory practice of slaughter for food production is practiced by some Muslim and Jewish communities. Both communities have similar religious philosophies in this regard.[1] American scientist Temple Grandin has researched ritual slaughter practices and says that a...

 

Hungarian Cricket Association

The Hungarian Cricket Association is the governing body of the sport of cricket in Hungary. It was founded in October 2006. Its headquarters are located in Budapest. The National Cricket Ground is the GB Oval in Sződliget, just north of Budapest. The Hungarian Cricket Association represents Hungary in the International Cricket Council, of which it is one of the newest Affiliate members, having been accepted into membership in 2012.[1] In 2017, became an associate member[2] Hu...

Drakan: The Ancients' Gates

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article may need to be rewritten to comply with Wikipedia's quality standards. You can help. The talk page may contain suggestions. (July 2015) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources:...

 

Virpur, Rajkot district

This article may need to be rewritten to comply with Wikipedia's quality standards. You can help. The talk page may contain suggestions. (February 2017) Town in Gujarat, IndiaVirpurTownVirpurLocated in Gujarat, IndiaShow map of GujaratVirpurVirpur (India)Show map of IndiaCoordinates: 21°45′15″N 70°37′20″E / 21.75417°N 70.62222°E / 21.75417; 70.62222CountryIndiaStateGujaratDistrictRajkotGovernment • TypeDemocracyPopulation • Total11,1...

 
Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya