The 12t o October is the 285t day o the year (286t in lowp years) in the Gregorian Calendar, wi 80 days bidin.

• 539 BC – The airmy o Cyrus the Great o Persie taks Babylon.
• 633 – Battle o Hatfield Chase: King Edwin o Northumbrie is defeatit an killed bi the Breetish unner Penda o Mercie an Cadwallon o Gwynedd.
• 1216 – King John o Ingland loses his croun jewels in The Wash.
• 1492 – Christopher Columbus's expedeetion maks landfaw in the Caribbean, specifically in The Bahamas. The splorer believes he haes reached the Indies.
• 1654 – A splosion in Delft kills ower 100 fowk.
• 1810 – The first Oktoberfest is held in Munich.
• 1822 – Pedro I o Brazil is proclaimed the emperor o Brazil.
• 1931 – The Christ the Redeemer statue in Rio de Janeiro is completit.
• 1968 – Equatorial Guinea becomes independent frae Spain.
• 1968 – The 1968 Simmer Olympics in Mexico Ceety begin.
• 1979 – The lawest recordit non-tornadic atmospheric pressur, 87.0 kPa (870 mbar or 25.69 inHg), occurred in the Wastren Paceefic durin Typhoon Tip.
• 1984 – The IRA bombs a hotel in Brighton, killin 5, in an attempt tae kill Margaret Thatcher.
• 1986 – Elizabeth II an Prince Philip, Duke o Edinburgh veesit the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae.
• 1992 – A magnitude 5.8 yirdquauk occurred in Cairo, Egyp. At least 510 fowk deed.
• 1999 – Pervez Musharraf taks pouer in Pakistan.
• 1999 – The warld population is offeecially said tae hae crossed the 6 billion mairk.
• 2001 – Kofi Annan an the Unitit Naitions win the Nobel Peace Prize.
• 2002 – Terrorist bombins on the Indonesie island o Bali kill 202 fowk.
• 2003 – Germany wins the FIFA Weemen's Warld Cup, defeatin Swaden 2-1 bi a Gowden Goal in the feenal in Los Angeles.
• 2007 – Al Gore an the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change win the Nobel Peace Prize.
• 2009 – Elinor Ostrom becomes the first wumman tae win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, sharin it wi Oliver E. Williamson.
• 2012 – The European Union wins the Nobel Peace Prize.
• 2017 – Gordon Strachan is sacked as manager o the Scotland naitional fitbaw team.
• 2019 – Typhoon Hagibis becomes the maist pouerfu storm tae hit Japan in ower 60 year.

• 1350 – Dmitry Donskoy, Prince o Moscow (d. 1389)
• 1537 – Edward VI o Ingland, King o Ingland an Ireland (d. 1553)
• 1798 – Pedro I o Brazil, Emperor o Brazil an (as Pedro IV) King o Portugal (d. 1834)
• 1811 – Alexander Bain, Scots inventor an ingineer (d. 1877)
• 1865 – Arthur Harden, Inglis biochemist (d. 1940)
• 1866 – Ramsay MacDonald, Scots jurnalist an politeecian, Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kinrick (d. 1937)
• 1872 – Ralph Vaughan Williams, Inglis componer (d. 1958)
• 1875 – Aleister Crowley, Inglis occultist (d. 1947)
• 1887 – Paula von Preradović, Croatie-Austrick author an poet (d. 1951)
• 1891 – Fumimaro Konoe, Prime meenister o Japan (d. 1945)
• 1896 – Eugenio Montale, Italian writer (d. 1981)
• 1899 – Duncan Walker, Scots fitbawer (d. 1963)
• 1905 – Barney Battles Jr., Scots fitbawer (d. 1979)
• 1926 – Allan Brown, Scots fitbawer (d. 2011)
• 1929 – Magnus Magnusson, Icelandic-Scots telly presenter (d. 2007)
• 1934 – Richard Meier, American airchitect an abstract airtist
• 1935 – Luciano Pavarotti, Italian tenor (d. 2007)
• 1956 – Allan Evans, Scots fitbawer
• 1960 – Peter Grant, Scots politeecian
• 1966 – Rhona Martin, Scots curler
• 1968 – Hugh Jackman, Australian actor
• 1985 – Greig Laidlaw, Scots rugby union player
• 1992 – Josh Hutcherson, American actor
• 1994 – Liam Polworth, Scots fitbawer
• 1995 – Liam Lindsay, Scots fitbawer

• 633 – Edwin o Northumbrie
• 638 – Pape Honorius I
• 642 – Pape John IV
• 1576 – Maximilian II, Haly Roman Emperor (b. 1527)
• 1730 – Frederick IV o Denmark (b. 1671)
• 1845 – Elizabeth Fry, Inglis social activist (b. 1780)
• 1870 – Robert E. Lee, American Confederate general (b. 1807)
• 1915 – Edith Cavell, Inglis nourice (b. 1865)
• 1924 – Anatole France, French writer (b. 1844)
• 1933 – Joseph Lindsay, Scots fitbawer (b. 1858)
• 1985 – Johnny Olson, American television announcer (b. 1910)
• 1997 – John Denver, American sangster (b. 1943)
• 2011 – Dennis Ritchie, American computer scientist, creatit the C programmin leid (b. 1941)

• Naitional Day o Spain
• Christopher Columbus-relatit observances across Spain an the Americas.
• Independence Day (Equatorial Guinea)

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