Formaldehyde

"Methanal" redirects here. It is not to be confused with Methanol or Menthol.
Formaldehyde
Skeletal fomula o formaldehyde wi explicit hydrogens addit
Skeletal fomula o formaldehyde wi explicit hydrogens addit
Spacefill model o formaldehyde
Spacefill model o formaldehyde
Baw an stick model o formaldehyde
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Formaldehyde[1]
Seestematic IUPAC name
Methanal[1]
Ither names
Methyl aldehyde
Methylene glycol
Methylene oxide
Formalin (aqueous solution)
Formol
Carbonyl hydride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
3DMet B00018
1209228
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
DrugBank
EC Nummer 200-001-8
Gmelin Reference 445
KEGG
MeSH Formaldehyde
RTECS nummer LP8925000
UNII
UN nummer 2209
Properties[6]
CH2O
Molar mass 30.03 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless gas
Density 0.8153 g/cm3 (−20 °C)[2]
Meltin pynt −92 °C (−134 °F; 181 K)
Bylin pynt −19 °C (−2 °F; 254 K)[2]
400 g dm−3
log P 0.350
Vapour pressur < 1 atm[3]
Acidity (pKa) 13.27 [4][5]
Magnetic susceptibility -18.6·10−6 cm3/mol
2.33 D
Structur
Pynt group C2v
Molecular shape Trigonal planar
Pharmacology
QP53AX19 (WHO)
Hazards
Safety data sheet MSDS
EU clessification Toxic (T)
Corrosive (C)
Carc. Cat. 1
R-phrases R23/24/25 R34 R43 R45
S-phrases (S1/2) S26 S36/37/39 S45 S51 S53 S60
NFPA 704
Flash pynt 64 °C (147 °F; 337 K)
430 °C (806 °F; 703 K)
Explosive leemits 7–73%
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
100 mg/kg (oral, rat)[9]
333 ppm (moose, 2 hr)
815 ppm (rat, 30 min)[10]
333 ppm (cat, 2 hr)[10]
US heal exposur leemits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 0.75 ppm ST 2 ppm (as formaldehyde an formalin)[7][8]
REL (Recommendit)
 Ca TWA 0.016 ppm C 0.1 ppm [15-minute][7]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 Ca [20 ppm][7]
Relatit compoonds
Relatit aldehydes
 Acetaldehyde

Butyraldehyde
Decanal
Heptanal
Hexanal
Nonanal
Octadecanal
Octanal
Pentanal
Propionaldehyde

Relatit compoonds
 methanol
formic acid
Except whaur itherwise notit, data are gien for materials in thair staundart state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
YesY verify (whit is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Formaldehyde is a naiturally occurring organic compoond wi the formula CH2O (H-CHO). It is the simplest o the aldehydes (R-CHO) an is an aa kent bi its seestematic name methanal. The common name o this substance comes frae its seemilarity an relation tae formic acid.

References

  1. ↑ a b Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 908. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4.
  2. ↑ a b Formaldehyde (PDF), SIDS Initial Assessment Report, International Programme on Chemical Safety
  3. ↑ Spence, Robert, and William Wild. "114. The vapour-pressure curve of formaldehyde, and some related data." Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed) (1935): 506-509
  4. ↑ https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/formaldehyde#section=Odor-Threshold
  5. ↑ http://chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/12232/acidity-of-aldehydes
  6. ↑ Weast, Robert C., ed. (1981). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (62nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. pp. C–301, E–61. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8.
  7. ↑ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide tae Chemical Hazards 0293
  8. ↑ NIOSH Pocket Guide tae Chemical Hazards 0294
  9. ↑ http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/50-00-0
  10. ↑ a b "Formaldehyde". Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

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