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Državna služba

Državna ili javna služba je naziv za djelatnost koju u nekoj državi, odnosno jedinici lokalne ili regionalne uprave ili samouprave (provincija, okrug, grad) profesionalno obavljaju poslove državne, odnosno javne poslove, Osobe koje obavljaju te djelatnosti se nazivaju državnim ili javnim službenicima. U pravilu se pod time ne podrazumijevaju vojni poslovi, pa se u nekim jezicima za takvu službu koristi izraz civilna služba (kao primjer može poslužiti engleski izraz civil service).

Sadržaj poslova državne službe, kao i način postajanja državnim službenikom, odnosno kriteriji koji bi državni službenici morali ispunjavati prije dolaska na dužnost, razlikovali su se kroz historiju, odnosno dan-danas se razlikuju u raznim državama ovisno o političkom sistemu i zakonima. Državne službe koje se dobiju izborima - bilo neposrednim ili posrednim, odnosno imenovanjima od strane najviših tijela izvršne vlasti se nazivaju politčkim funkcijama, a njihovi nositelji funkcionarima. S druge strane, javni funkcionari koje se dobiju kao redovni plaćeni posao na temelju stručnih kriterija se nazivaju birokratima. Osobe zaposlene u organima državne uprave, ali koji obavljaju uglavnom tehničke poslove (sekretarice, čistačice, podvornici, zaštitari i sl.) se nazivaju javnim namještenicima.

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