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Izobutyrylkoenzým A

Izobutyrylkoenzým A
Izobutyrylkoenzým A
Izobutyrylkoenzým A
Všeobecné vlastnosti
Sumárny vzorec C25H42N7O17P3S
Systematický názov kyselina O1-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purín-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(fosfónooxy)oxolán-2-yl]metyl} O3-[(3R)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimetyl-4-{[3-({2-[(2-metylpropanoyl)sulfanyl]etyl}amino)-3-oxopropyl]amino}-4-oxobutyl]dihydrogénfosforečná
Synonymá izobutyryl-CoA
Fyzikálne vlastnosti
Molárna hmotnosť 837,62 g/mol
Ďalšie informácie
Číslo CAS 15621-60-0
PubChem 808
SMILES CC(C)C(=O)SCCNC(=O)CCNC(=O)C(C(C)(C)COP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)OCC1C(C(C(O1)N2C=NC3=C2N=CN=C3N)O)OP(=O)(O)O)O
3D model (JSmol) Interaktívny 3D model
Pokiaľ je to možné a bežné, používame jednotky sústavy SI.
Ak nie je hore uvedené inak, údaje sú za normálnych podmienok.

Izobutyrylkoenzým A (izobutyryl-CoA) je počiatočným materiálom pri biosyntéze mnohých prírodných produktoch, ktorý vznikajú pomocou polyketidsyntáz (PKS)[1] alebo ich kombináciou s neribozomálnymi peptidovými syntázami (NRPS, teda PKS-NRPS systémov).[chýba zdroj] Tieto produkty sa často používajú ako antibiotiká. Izobutyryl-CoA je takisto intermediátom v metabolizme valínu a štruktúrne je podobný ostatným intermediátom v katabolizme malých aminokyselín.

Metabolizmus

V metabolizme valínu vzniká izobutyryl-CoA z 2-oxoizovalerátu pôsobením dehydrogenázy rozvetvených ketokyselín (BCKDH). V procese sa redukuje NAD+ a štiepi oxid uhličitý:[2][3]

2-oxoizovalerát + NAD+ + CoASH → izobutyryl-CoA + NADH + H+ + CO2

V prípade nedostatočnej aktivity BCKDH komplexu dochádza k hromadeniu 2-oxoizovalerátu. Mutácie v génoch, ktoré kódujú tento enzýmový komplex, majú za následok vznik choroby javorového sirupu.[2][3]

Následne sa izobutyryl-CoA premieňa na metylakrylyl-CoA pomocou acyl-CoA dehydrogenázy, ktorá zároveň redukuje FAD:[2][3]

izobutyryl-CoA + FAD → metylakrylyl-CoA + FADH2

Tieto dva kroky metabolizmu sú zdieľané s premenami leucínu a izoleucínu a katalyzujú ich identické enzýmy, aj keď intermediáty sú rôzne.

Referencie

  1. LI, Shanshan; LI, Zilong; PANG, Shen. Coordinating precursor supply for pharmaceutical polyketide production in Streptomyces. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 2021-06, roč. 69, s. 26–34. Dostupné online [cit. 2024-06-11]. ISSN 0958-1669. DOI10.1016/j.copbio.2020.11.006.
  2. a b c DOBROTA, Dušan, a kol. Lekárska biochémia. 2. vyd. Martin : Osveta, 2016. 799 s. ISBN 978-80-8063-444-5. S. 288 – 291.
  3. a b c VOET, Donald. Biochemistry. 4th ed. Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, 2011. ISBN 978-0-470-57095-1. S. 1038 – 1039.

Pozri aj

Zdroj

Tento článok je čiastočný alebo úplný preklad článku Isobutyryl-CoA na anglickej Wikipédii.

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