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Imperyong Neo-Babilonya

Tingnan din: Babilonya at Lungsod ng Babilonya
Imperyong Neo-Babilonya
612 BCE–539 BCE
Imperyong Neo-Babilonya
Imperyong Neo-Babilonya
KabiseraLungsod ng Babilonya
Karaniwang wikaWikang Akkadio, Aramaiko
PamahalaanMonarchy
Hari 
• 626–605 BCE
Nabopolassar(unang hari)
• 556–539 BCE
Nabonidus(huling hari)
PanahonPanahong Bakal
• Nabopolassar
612 BCE
• Battle of Opis
539 BCE
Pinalitan		 Pumalit
Neo-Assyrian Empire
Achaemenid Empire
Median Empire
Bahagi ngayon ng Iraq
 Syria
 Turkey
 Egypt
 Saudi Arabia
 Jordan
 Iran
 Kuwait
 Lebanon
 Palestinian Authority
 Israel
 Cyprus
Bahagi ng isang serye tungkol sa
Kasaysayan ng Iraq
Detail from the Ishtar Gate
Sinaunang Iraq
Klasikong Iraq
Mediebal Iraq
Modernong Iraq
Republiak ng Iraq

Ang Imperyong Neo-Babilonya o Imperyong Kaldeo ay isang panahon sa kasaysayan ng Mesopotamia na nagsimula noong 626 BCE at nagwakas noong 539 BCE.[1] Noong mga nakaraang tatlong siglo, ang Babilonya ay pinamunuan ng kanilang kapwa nagsasalita ng wikang Akkadiano at mga hilaagang mga kapitbahay na Assyria. Sa buong panahong iyon, ang Babilonya ay nagtamasa ng isang prominenteng katayuan. Nagawa ng mga Asiryo na panatilihin ang katapatan ng mga Babilonyano sa panahong Imperyong Neo-Asiryo sa pamamagitan ng pagkakaloob ng mga tumaas na pribilehiyo o sa militar. Gayunpaman, ito ay nagbago noong 627 BCE sa kamatayan ng huling malakas na pinunong Asiryo na si Assurbanipal at ang Babilonya ay naghimagsik sa ilalim ng Kaldeong si Nabopolassar sa sumunod na taon. Sa pakikipag-alyado sa Medes, ang Nineveh ay sinakop noong 612 BCE at ang upuang imperyo ay muling nilipat sa Babilonya. Ang panahong ito ay nakasaksi ng isang malaking pagyabong mga proyektong pangarkitektura, mga sining at agham sa Babilonya. Ang mga pinuno ng imperyo Neo-Babilonya ay malalim na may kamalayan sa pagiging sinauna ng kanilang mga lahi at nagpursigi ng mga patakarang arko-tradisyonalista na bumuhay ng karamihan ng kanilang sinaunang Sumero-Akkadianong kultura. Bagaman ang wikang Aramaiko ay naging pang-araw araw na wika, ang wikang Akkadiano ay ibinalik bilang wika ng pamamahala at kultura. Ang mga sinaunang ekspresyon mula sa nakaraang 1,500 taon ay muling ipinakilala sa mga inskripsiyong Akkadiano kasama ng mga salitang matagal na hindi sinalita sa panahong ito na wikang Sumeryo. Ang skriptong kuneiporma na Neo-Babilonyano ay binago upang magmukhang tulad ng lumang ika-3 milenyong skripto ng wikang Akkadiano. Ang mga sinaunang sining Neo-Babylonian cuneiform script was also modified to make it look like the old 3rd-millennium BC script of Akkad. Ang mga sinaunang sining mula sa heydey ng kaluwalhatiang imperyal ng Babilonya ay tinrtto may malapit sa pagpipitagang pang relihiyon at iningatan. Halimbawa ang estataw ni Sargon ng Akkad ay natagpuan noong pagtatayo at ang isang templo ay itinayo para dito at hinandugan ng mga handog. Ang kuwento sinalaysay kung paano sa mga pagsisikap ni Nabucodonosor na ibalik ang Templo sa Sippar ay kinailangang gumawa ng mga paulit ulit na paghuhukay hanggang sa matagpuan ang depositong pundasyon ni Naram-Suen na pumayag sa kanyang muling itayo ang templo ng angkop. Muli ring binuhay ng mga Neo-Babilonyano, ang sinaunang kasanayang Sargonid ng paghihirang ng isang maharlikang anak na babae bilang saserdotisa ng diyosang-buwan na si Sin.

Dinastiyang Neo-Babilonyano

Mga sanggunian

  1. ↑ Talley Ornan, The Triumph of the Symbol: Pictorial Representation of Deities in Mesopotamia and the Biblical Image Ban (Göttingen: Academic Press Fribourg, 2005), 4 n. 6

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