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Danh sách sao nóng nhất

Đây là Danh sách các sao có nhiệt độ cao nhất được tính bằng K. Những ngôi sao có nhiệt độ cao hơn 60,000 K sẽ được thêm vào.

Danh sách

Tên sao Nhiệt độ

(K)

Khối lượng

(M)

Độ sáng

(L)

Phân loại sao Khoảng cách

(Năm ánh sáng)

Nguồn
WR 102 210,000 16.1 380,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 8,610[1] [2][3]
WR 142 200,000 28.6 912,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 5,400 [3]
LMC195-1 200,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 160,000 [4]
BAT99-123 170,000 158,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet ~160,000 [5]
WR 93b 160,000 8.1 110,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 7,470[1] [3]
[HC2007] 31 160,000? Sao Wolf–Rayet 12,886,000 [6]
BAT99-53 158,000 13 224,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet ~160,000 [7]
IC 1613 DR1 150,000 20 480,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet ~2,380,000 [8]
LH 41-1042 150,000 8.4 182,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet ~160,000 [5]
BAT99-2 141,000 13 234,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet ~160,000 [9]
WR 2 141,000 16 282,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 7,830[1]
AB8 (star) 141,000 19 1,413,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 197,000 [5]
BA 1-458 140,000 28.1 776,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 2,500,000 [10]
WR 9 (WR) 139,700 9 501,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 14,900[1]
WR 30a (WR) 129,500 7.5-9.7 195,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 25,340 [11]
WR 38 126,000 10.4 162,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet [3]
WR 1 112,200 27 759,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 10,300[1] [12]
WR 18 112,200 38 1,288,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 12,500[1] [12]
WR 46 112,200 14 263,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 13,000
WR 7 112,000 13 214,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 14,000 [12]
WR 144 112,000 9.9 159,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 5,710[1] [3]
WR 52 112,000 8.5 117,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 5,710[1] [3]
AB7 105,000 23 1,259,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 197,000 [13]
WR 143 (WR) 100,000 8? 89,100 Sao Wolf–Rayet 7,240 [cần dẫn nguồn]
EZ Canis Majoris 89,100 23 617,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 5,900[cần dẫn nguồn] [14]
WR 36 89,100 12 200,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 17,700[1] [12]
WR 111 89,100 13 245,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 5,320[1] [3]
WR 150 89,100 24.8 724,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 28,500[1] [3]
Theta Muscae 83,000 234,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 7,500
Sao của Lynx Arc 80,000 12,000,000,000
WR 19 79,400 400,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 14,000[1] [15][16]
WR 44 79,400 18 417,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 19,800[1] [12]
WR 58 79,000 8.4 89,100 Sao Wolf–Rayet 19,700[1] [3]
BAT99-37 79,000 19 447,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 160,000 [9]
WR 45 79,000 14.1 282,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 13,900[1] [3]
WR 86 70,800 Sao Wolf–Rayet [cần dẫn nguồn]
WR 136 70,800 15 260,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 6,290[1]
WR 75 63,100 18 389,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 10,800[1] [12]
WR 134 63,100 19 400,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 6,000
WR 60 63,100 23 631,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 11,500[1] [3]
WR 149 63,100 14 269,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 15,900[1] [12]
Quintuplet cluster 60,000 200,000 Sao Wolf–Rayet 26,000

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Liên kết ngoài

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s “Wolf-Rayet Star Catalogue”. pacrowther.staff.shef.ac.uk. Truy cập ngày 28 tháng 5 năm 2021.
  2. ^ Sander, A.; Hamann, W. -R.; Todt, H. (2012). “The Galactic WC stars”. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 540: A144. arXiv:1201.6354. Bibcode:2012A&A...540A.144S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117830.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Sander, A. A. C.; Hamann, W.-R.; Todt, H.; Hainich, R.; Shenar, T.; Ramachandran, V.; Oskinova, L. M. (1 tháng 1 năm 2019). “The Galactic WC and WO stars. The impact of revised distances from Gaia DR2 and their role as massive black hole progenitors”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 621: A92. arXiv:1807.04293. Bibcode:2019A&A...621A..92S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833712. ISSN 0004-6361.
  4. ^ Massey, Philip (2014). “A modern search for Wolf–Rayet stars in the Magellanic Clouds: First results”. The Astrophysical Journal. 788 (1): 83. arXiv:1404.7441. Bibcode:2014ApJ...788...83M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/788/1/83.
  5. ^ a b c Tramper, F.; Straal, S. M.; Sanyal, D.; Sana, H.; De Koter, A.; Gräfener, G.; Langer, N.; Vink, J. S.; De Mink, S. E.; Kaper, L. (2015). “Massive stars on the verge of exploding: The properties of oxygen sequence Wolf-Rayet stars”. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 581: A110. arXiv:1507.00839. Bibcode:2015A&A...581A.110T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201425390.
  6. ^ Hadfield, L. J.; Crowther, P. A. (tháng 10 năm 2007). “A survey of the Wolf-Rayet population of the barred, spiral galaxy NGC 1313”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (bằng tiếng Anh). 381 (1): 418–432. Bibcode:2007MNRAS.381..418H. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12284.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
  7. ^ Ramachandran, V.; Hamann, W.-R.; Hainich, R.; Oskinova, L. M.; Shenar, T.; Sander, A. A. C.; Todt, H.; Gallagher, J. S. (1 tháng 7 năm 2018). “Stellar population of the superbubble N 206 in the LMC. II. Parameters of the OB and WR stars, and the total massive star feedback”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 615: A40. arXiv:1802.07494. Bibcode:2018A&A...615A..40R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201832816. ISSN 0004-6361.
  8. ^ Tramper, F.; Gräfener, G.; Hartoog, O. E.; Sana, H.; De Koter, A.; Vink, J. S.; Ellerbroek, L. E.; Langer, N.; Garcia, M.; Kaper, L.; De Mink, S. E. (2013). “On the nature of WO stars: A quantitative analysis of the WO3 star DR1 in IC 1613”. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 559: A72. arXiv:1310.2849. Bibcode:2013A&A...559A..72T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322155.
  9. ^ a b Hainich, R.; Rühling, U.; Todt, H.; Oskinova, L. M.; Liermann, A.; Gräfener, G.; Foellmi, C.; Schnurr, O.; Hamann, W.-R. (tháng 5 năm 2014). “The Wolf-Rayet stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud. A comprehensive analysis of the WN class”. Astronomy and Astrophysics (bằng tiếng Anh). 565: A27. arXiv:1401.5474. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322696. ISSN 0004-6361.
  10. ^ Abbott, Jay Brian (2004). “Quantitative spectroscopic studies of Wolf-Rayet stars in local group galaxies”. Ph.D. Thesis (bằng tiếng Anh).
  11. ^ Nugis, T.; Lamers, H. J. G. L. M. (2000). “Mass-loss rates of Wolf-Rayet stars as a function of stellar parameters”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 360: 227. Bibcode:2000A&A...360..227N.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g Hamann, W.-R.; Gräfener, G.; Liermann, A.; Hainich, R.; Sander, A. A. C.; Shenar, T.; Ramachandran, V.; Todt, H.; Oskinova, L. M. (1 tháng 5 năm 2019). “The Galactic WN stars revisited. Impact of Gaia distances on fundamental stellar parameters”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 625: A57. arXiv:1904.04687. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834850. ISSN 0004-6361.
  13. ^ Shenar, T.; Hainich, R.; Todt, H.; Sander, A.; Hamann, W.-R.; Moffat, A. F. J.; Eldridge, J. J.; Pablo, H.; Oskinova, L. M.; Richardson, N. D. (2016). “Wolf-Rayet stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud: II. Analysis of the binaries”. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 1604: A22. arXiv:1604.01022. Bibcode:2016A&A...591A..22S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527916.
  14. ^ Sota, A.; Maíz Apellániz, J.; Morrell, N. I.; Barbá, R. H.; Walborn, N. R.; Gamen, R. C.; Arias, J. I.; Alfaro, E. J.; Oskinova, L. M. (2019). “The Galactic WN stars revisited. Impact of Gaia distances on fundamental stellar parameters”. Astronomy & Astrophysics. A57: 625. arXiv:1904.04687. Bibcode:2019A&A...625A..57H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834850. S2CID 104292503.
  15. ^ Paul Crowther. “Galactic Wolf Rayet Catalogue”. Truy cập ngày 27 tháng 5 năm 2021.
  16. ^ Lau, Ryan M.; Eldridge, J. J.; Hankins, Matthew J.; Lamberts, Astrid; Sakon, Itsuki; Williams, Peredur M. (1 tháng 7 năm 2020). “Revisiting the Impact of Dust Production from Carbon-rich Wolf-Rayet Binaries”. The Astrophysical Journal. 898 (1): 74. arXiv:2006.08695. Bibcode:2020ApJ...898...74L. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab9cb5. ISSN 0004-637X.

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