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鋰-3

鋰-3,3Li
基本
符號3Li
名稱鋰-3、Li-3、鋰-3
原子序3
中子數0
核素数据
豐度0
半衰期?
衰变产物2He
原子量3.030775 u
自旋?
过剩能量2.8670± 0.2000 keV
结合能2267.6 keV
衰變模式
衰变类型衰变能量MeV
p?7.08 ?
锂的同位素
完整核素表

鋰-3(英語:Lithium-3,3
Li
),是鋰的同位素之一,化學符號為3
Li
。是一種原子核僅由三顆質子所組成,沒有中子的核素。是一個理論存在的核素,尚未實際被觀測到。1969年时有关于3Li共振存在的报道[1],但后来未被接受。[2]

摘要

由於鋰需要包含3個質子,因此3
Li
可以看做是同位素中,最輕的同位素。3
Li
原子核僅由3個質子構成,不包含任何中子,是一種僅含有質子的核素 。在僅含有質子的核素中,最廣為人知的就是氫原子1
H
,而3
Li
可能是目前有學術研究的僅含質子之最重核素[2][3]。雖然兩個質子的束縛態2
He
僅被認為存在於特定的衰變模式中,但依然有一些相關的研究[4]。而3
Li
2
He
不同之處在於,2
He
的兩個質子自旋角動量相反,導致了預期的结合能可能會是負值,所以2
He
可能比3
Li
更不穩定或無法存在[5]

根據理論計算,3
Li
的結合能可能的值約為2267.6 k eV[3]

衰變模式

由於質子帶正電,因此3
Li
中的三個質子接受到庫倫力的排斥,因此該核素半衰期可能非常短,對於其半衰期的詳細數據目前仍然未知。而其衰變模式也不清楚,但推測為透過質子發射衰變成2
He
。而由於2
He
的衰變模式目前仍未知,因此3
Li
可能是最輕衰變模式為質子發射的核素,但若2
He
不存在,則不能說其衰變方式為質子發射,僅能說其裂變為三個質子。而目前已確定的衰變方式為質子發射的核素中,最輕的是4
Li
,其衰變方式和衰變能量皆為已知的[2]

參見

相邻较轻同位素:
(不存在)
鋰-3是
同位素
相邻较重同位素:
4Li
母同位素
(未發現)
鋰-3的
衰變鏈
衰變產物
2He (p) ?

參考文獻

  1. ^ Williams, L. E.; Batty, C. J.; Bonner, B. E.; Tschalär, C.; Benöhr, H. C.; Clough, A. S. Evidence for Broad Resonances in the Three-Nucleon System. Physical Review Letters. 1969-11-17, 23 (20): 1181–1184. ISSN 0031-9007. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.23.1181. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 2021, 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3Li. periodictable.com. [2018-01-22]. (原始内容存档于2018-01-23). 
  4. ^ 18Ne diproton decay THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL SPECIAL TOPICS 互联网档案馆存檔,存档日期2016-09-25.
  5. ^ Carlos A. Bertulani "Nuclear Physics in a Nutshell" 2007, 9781400839322

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