Etacstil
Chemical compound
Etacstil
(2E )-3-{4-[(1Z )-1,2-Diphenyl-1-buten-1-yl]phenyl}acrylic acid
CAS Number PubChem CID ChemSpider UNII ChEMBL Formula C 25 H 22 O 2 Molar mass 354.449 g·mol−1 3D model (JSmol )
CC/C(=C(\c1ccccc1)/c2ccc(cc2)/C=C/C(=O)O)/c3ccccc3
InChI=1S/C25H22O2/c1-2-23(20-9-5-3-6-10-20)25(21-11-7-4-8-12-21)22-16-13-19(14-17-22)15-18-24(26)27/h3-18H,2H2,1H3,(H,26,27)/b18-15+,25-23-
Key:HJQQVNIORAQATK-DDJBQNAASA-N
Etacstil (developmental code names GW-5638 , DPC974 ) is an orally active , nonsteroidal , combined selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) and selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) that was developed for the treatment of estrogen receptor -positive breast cancer .[ 1] [ 2] [ 3] It was shown to overcome antiestrogen (tamoxifen , aromatase inhibitor , fulvestrant ) resistance in breast cancer by altering the shape of the estrogen receptor, thus exhibiting SERD properties.[ 4] [ 5] [ 6] [ 7] [ 8] Etacstil is a tamoxifen derivative and one of the first drugs to overcome tamoxifen-resistance. It is the predecessor of GW-7604 ,[ 3] [ 9] [ 10] of which etacstil is a prodrug (GW-7604 being the 4-hydroxy metabolite of etacstil).[ 11] This is analogous to the case of tamoxifen being a prodrug of afimoxifene (4-hydroxytamoxifen).[ 11]
Etacstil was developed in the early 1990s by Duke University , Glaxo Wellcome , and later, Dupont .[ 12] [ 13] In 2001, Bristol Myers-Squibb (BMS) acquired Dupont, and for non-scientific, corporate reasons, closed the trial and abandoned the release of etacstil and its metabolite GW-7604 .[ 6] [ 9] [ 12]
After many dormant years, a recent resurgence of interest in SERDs has led to the development of brilanestrant , a structural analogue of etacstil.[ 9]
See also
References
^ Kelloff GJ, Hawk ET, Sigman CC (2008-08-17). Cancer Chemoprevention: Volume 2: Strategies for Cancer Chemoprevention . Springer. ISBN 9781592597680 .
^ "GW 5638 Profile" . AdisInsight . Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
^ a b Becnel LB, Darlington YF, Orechsner S, Easton-Marks J, Watkins CA, McOwiti A, et al. "GW 5638". Nuclear Receptor Signaling Atlas . doi :10.1621/B4A9CIQ78V .
^ Antiestrogen GW5638 induces a unique structural change in the ER. The biological significance of this conformational change was revealed in studies that demonstrated that tamoxifen-resistant breast tumor explants are not cross-resistant to GW5638. Because of these properties, this drug is currently being developed as a potential therapeutic for tamoxifen-resistant breast cancers.Connor CE, Norris JD, Broadwater G, Willson TM, Gottardis MM, Dewhirst MW , McDonnell DP (April 2001). "Circumventing tamoxifen resistance in breast cancers using antiestrogens that induce unique conformational changes in the estrogen receptor". Cancer Research . 61 (7): 2917–2922. PMID 11306468 .
^ "GW5638 uniquely alters the shape of the estrogen receptor" . The Ben May Department for Cancer Research . The University of Chicago. 2015. Archived from the original on 10 October 2015.
^ a b "Tamoxifen-like drug suggests new ways to selectively block estrogen" . The University of Chicago Medical Center . 12 May 2005. Archived from the original on 2018-03-27. Retrieved 2016-10-25 .
^ Dardes RC, O'Regan RM, Gajdos C, Robinson SP, Bentrem D, De Los Reyes A, Jordan VC (June 2002). "Effects of a new clinically relevant antiestrogen (GW5638) related to tamoxifen on breast and endometrial cancer growth in vivo". Clinical Cancer Research . 8 (6): 1995–2001. PMID 12060645 .
^ Tong S, Chen Q, Shan SQ, Dewhirst MW, Yuan F (2006). "Quantitative comparison of the inhibitory effects of GW5638 and tamoxifen on angiogenesis in the cornea pocket assay". Angiogenesis . 9 (2): 53–58. doi :10.1007/s10456-006-9029-x . PMID 16622786 . S2CID 35414830 .
^ a b c Wardell SE, Nelson ER, Chao CA, Alley HM, McDonnell DP (October 2015). "Evaluation of the pharmacological activities of RAD1901, a selective estrogen receptor degrader" . Endocrine-Related Cancer . 22 (5): 713–724. doi :10.1530/ERC-15-0287 . PMC 4545300 . PMID 26162914 .
^ Bentrem D, Dardes R, Liu H, MacGregor-Schafer J, Zapf J, Jordan V (February 2001). "Molecular mechanism of action at estrogen receptor alpha of a new clinically relevant antiestrogen (GW7604) related to tamoxifen" . Endocrinology . 142 (2): 838–846. doi :10.1210/endo.142.2.7932 . PMID 11159857 .
^ a b Bentrem D, Dardes R, Liu H, MacGregor-Schafer J, Zapf J, Jordan V (February 2001). "Molecular mechanism of action at estrogen receptor alpha of a new clinically relevant antiestrogen (GW7604) related to tamoxifen" . Endocrinology . 142 (2): 838–846. doi :10.1210/endo.142.2.7932 . PMID 11159857 .
^ a b "Osteoporosis Drug Bazedoxifene Stops Growth Of Breast Cancer Cells" . Medical News Today . 17 June 2013. Archived from the original on 8 January 2014.
^ Willson TM, Henke BR, Momtahen TM, Charifson PS, Batchelor KW, Lubahn DB, et al. (May 1994). "3-[4-(1,2-Diphenylbut-1-enyl)phenyl]acrylic acid: a non-steroidal estrogen with functional selectivity for bone over uterus in rats". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry . 37 (11): 1550–1552. doi :10.1021/jm00037a002 . PMID 8201587 .
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