Promestriene
Chemical compound
Promestriene Trade names Colpotrofin, Colpotrophine, Delipoderm Other names Estradiol 3-propyl 17β-methyl diether; 17β-Methoxy-3-propoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-triene Routes of administration Topical Drug class Estrogen ; Estrogen ester ATC code
(8R ,9S ,13S ,14S )-17-methoxy-13-methyl-3-propoxy-6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a ]phenanthrene
CAS Number PubChem CID ChemSpider UNII CompTox Dashboard (EPA ) ECHA InfoCard 100.049.401 Formula C 22 H 32 O 2 Molar mass 328.496 g·mol−1 3D model (JSmol )
CCCOc1ccc2c(c1)CC[C@@H]3[C@@H]2CC[C@]4([C@H]3CCC4OC)C
InChI=1S/C22H32O2/c1-4-13-24-16-6-8-17-15(14-16)5-7-19-18(17)11-12-22(2)20(19)9-10-21(22)23-3/h6,8,14,18-21H,4-5,7,9-13H2,1-3H3/t18-,19-,20+,21?,22+/m1/s1
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Promestriene (INN Tooltip International Nonproprietary Name ) (brand names Colpotrofin , Colpotrophine , Delipoderm ), also known as estradiol 3-propyl 17β-methyl diether , is a synthetic estrogen which is used topically in a 1% cream formulation for the treatment of vaginal atrophy in women.[ 1] [ 2] [ 3] [ 4] [ 5] It is the 3-propyl and 17β-methyl diether of estradiol and does not appear to convert into estradiol in the body.[ 1] [ 6] Promestriene is minimally absorbed and appears to have negligible systemic estrogenic effect.[ 1] The drug has been described as a tropic agent and antiseborrheic .[ 2] It has not been found to be effective in the treatment of pattern hair loss or other conditions of cutaneous androgenization .[ 7] [ 8] Promestriene was first introduced in France in 1974 and has been marketed in 34 countries worldwide.[ 1] It has been used in millions of women.[ 1]
See also
References
^ a b c d e Del Pup L, Di Francia R, Cavaliere C, Facchini G, Giorda G, De Paoli P, Berretta M (November 2013). "Promestriene, a specific topic estrogen. Review of 40 years of vaginal atrophy treatment: is it safe even in cancer patients?". Anti-Cancer Drugs . 24 (10): 989–998. doi :10.1097/CAD.0b013e328365288e . PMID 24080714 . S2CID 3458356 .
^ a b Ganellin CR, Triggle DJ (21 November 1996). Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents . CRC Press. pp. 1671–. ISBN 978-0-412-46630-4 .
^ Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory . Taylor & Francis. January 2000. pp. 1248, 1266, 1318, 1557. ISBN 978-3-88763-075-1 .
^ William Andrew Publishing (22 October 2013). Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition . Elsevier. pp. 270–271. ISBN 978-0-8155-1856-3 .
^ Muller (19 June 1998). European Drug Index: European Drug Registrations, Fourth Edition . CRC Press. pp. 289, 33 2. ISBN 978-3-7692-2114-5 .
^ Santos I, Clissold S (September 2010). "Urogenital disorders associated with oestrogen deficiency: the role of promestriene as topical oestrogen therapy". Gynecological Endocrinology . 26 (9): 644–651. doi :10.3109/09513591003767948 . PMID 20374067 . S2CID 243338 .
^ Orfanos CE, Montagna W, Stüttgen G (6 December 2012). Hair Research: Status and Future Aspects; Proceedings of the First International Congress on Hair Research, Hamburg, March 13th–16, 1979 . Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 553–. ISBN 978-3-642-81650-5 .
^ Beylot C (1 October 1998). "Menopause, Skin, and Cosmetology" . In Baran R, Maibach HI (eds.). Textbook of Cosmetic Dermatology . CRC Press. pp. 493–. ISBN 978-1-85317-478-0 .
Estrogens
ER Tooltip Estrogen receptor agonists
Steroidal: Alfatradiol
Certain androgens /anabolic steroids (e.g., testosterone , testosterone esters , methyltestosterone , metandienone , nandrolone esters ) (via estrogenic metabolites)
Certain progestins (e.g., norethisterone , noretynodrel , etynodiol diacetate , tibolone )
Clomestrone
Cloxestradiol acetate
Conjugated estriol
Conjugated estrogens
Epiestriol
Epimestrol
Esterified estrogens
Estetrol †
Estradiol
Estradiol esters (e.g., estradiol acetate , estradiol benzoate , estradiol cypionate , estradiol enanthate , estradiol undecylate , estradiol valerate , polyestradiol phosphate , estradiol ester mixtures (Climacteron ))
Estramustine phosphate
Estriol
Estriol esters (e.g., estriol succinate , polyestriol phosphate )
Estrogenic substances
Estrone
Estrone esters
Ethinylestradiol #
Hydroxyestrone diacetate
Mestranol
Methylestradiol
Moxestrol
Nilestriol
Prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone; DHEA)
Promestriene
Quinestradol
Quinestrol
Progonadotropins
Antiestrogens
ER Tooltip Estrogen receptor antagonists (incl. SERMs Tooltip selective estrogen receptor modulators /SERDs Tooltip selective estrogen receptor downregulators )Aromatase inhibitors Antigonadotropins
Androgens /anabolic steroids (e.g., testosterone , testosterone esters , nandrolone esters , oxandrolone , fluoxymesterone )
D2 receptor antagonists (prolactin releasers) (e.g., domperidone , metoclopramide , risperidone , haloperidol , chlorpromazine , sulpiride )
GnRH agonists (e.g., leuprorelin , goserelin )
GnRH antagonists (e.g., cetrorelix , elagolix )
Progestogens (e.g., chlormadinone acetate , cyproterone acetate , gestonorone caproate , hydroxyprogesterone caproate , medroxyprogesterone acetate , megestrol acetate )
Others
ER Tooltip Estrogen receptor
Agonists
Steroidal: 2-Hydroxyestradiol
2-Hydroxyestrone
3-Methyl-19-methyleneandrosta-3,5-dien-17β-ol
3α-Androstanediol
3α,5α-Dihydrolevonorgestrel
3β,5α-Dihydrolevonorgestrel
3α-Hydroxytibolone
3β-Hydroxytibolone
3β-Androstanediol
4-Androstenediol
4-Androstenedione
4-Fluoroestradiol
4-Hydroxyestradiol
4-Hydroxyestrone
4-Methoxyestradiol
4-Methoxyestrone
5-Androstenediol
7-Oxo-DHEA
7α-Hydroxy-DHEA
7α-Methylestradiol
7β-Hydroxyepiandrosterone
8,9-Dehydroestradiol
8,9-Dehydroestrone
8β-VE2
10β,17β-Dihydroxyestra-1,4-dien-3-one (DHED)
11β-Chloromethylestradiol
11β-Methoxyestradiol
15α-Hydroxyestradiol
16-Ketoestradiol
16-Ketoestrone
16α-Fluoroestradiol
16α-Hydroxy-DHEA
16α-Hydroxyestrone
16α-Iodoestradiol
16α-LE2
16β-Hydroxyestrone
16β,17α-Epiestriol (16β-hydroxy-17α-estradiol)
17α-Estradiol (alfatradiol )
17α-Dihydroequilenin
17α-Dihydroequilin
17α-Epiestriol (16α-hydroxy-17α-estradiol)
17α-Ethynyl-3α-androstanediol
17α-Ethynyl-3β-androstanediol
17β-Dihydroequilenin
17β-Dihydroequilin
17β-Methyl-17α-dihydroequilenin
Abiraterone
Abiraterone acetate
Alestramustine
Almestrone
Anabolic steroids (e.g., testosterone and esters , methyltestosterone , metandienone (methandrostenolone) , nandrolone and esters , many others; via estrogenic metabolites)
Atrimustine
Bolandiol
Bolandiol dipropionate
Butolame
Clomestrone
Cloxestradiol
Conjugated estriol
Conjugated estrogens
Cyclodiol
Cyclotriol
DHEA
DHEA-S
ent -Estradiol
Epiestriol (16β-epiestriol, 16β-hydroxy-17β-estradiol)
Epimestrol
Equilenin
Equilin
ERA-63 (ORG-37663)
Esterified estrogens
Estetrol
Estradiol
Estramustine
Estramustine phosphate
Estrapronicate
Estrazinol
Estriol
Estrofurate
Estrogenic substances
Estromustine
Estrone
Etamestrol (eptamestrol)
Ethinylandrostenediol
Ethinylestradiol
Ethinylestriol
Ethylestradiol
Etynodiol
Etynodiol diacetate
Hexolame
Hippulin
Hydroxyestrone diacetate
Lynestrenol
Lynestrenol phenylpropionate
Mestranol
Methylestradiol
Moxestrol
Mytatrienediol
Nilestriol
Norethisterone
Noretynodrel
Orestrate
Pentolame
Prodiame
Prolame
Promestriene
RU-16117
Quinestradol
Quinestrol
Tibolone
Xenoestrogens: Anise -related (e.g., anethole , anol , dianethole , dianol , photoanethole )
Chalconoids (e.g., isoliquiritigenin , phloretin , phlorizin (phloridzin) , wedelolactone )
Coumestans (e.g., coumestrol , psoralidin )
Flavonoids (incl. 7,8-DHF , 8-prenylnaringenin , apigenin , baicalein , baicalin , biochanin A , calycosin , catechin , daidzein , daidzin , ECG , EGCG , epicatechin , equol , formononetin , glabrene , glabridin , genistein , genistin , glycitein , kaempferol , liquiritigenin , mirificin , myricetin , naringenin , penduletin , pinocembrin , prunetin , puerarin , quercetin , tectoridin , tectorigenin )
Lavender oil
Lignans (e.g., enterodiol , enterolactone , nyasol (cis -hinokiresinol) )
Metalloestrogens (e.g., cadmium )
Pesticides (e.g., alternariol , dieldrin , endosulfan , fenarimol , HPTE , methiocarb , methoxychlor , triclocarban , triclosan )
Phytosteroids (e.g., digitoxin (digitalis ), diosgenin , guggulsterone )
Phytosterols (e.g., β-sitosterol , campesterol , stigmasterol )
Resorcylic acid lactones (e.g., zearalanone , α-zearalenol , β-zearalenol , zearalenone , zeranol (α-zearalanol) , taleranol (teranol, β-zearalanol) )
Steroid -like (e.g., deoxymiroestrol , miroestrol )
Stilbenoids (e.g., resveratrol , rhaponticin )
Synthetic xenoestrogens (e.g., alkylphenols , bisphenols (e.g., BPA , BPF , BPS ), DDT , parabens , PBBs , PHBA , phthalates , PCBs )
Others (e.g., agnuside , rotundifuran )
Mixed (SERMs Tooltip Selective estrogen receptor modulators ) Antagonists
Coregulator-binding modulators: ERX-11
GPER Tooltip G protein-coupled estrogen receptor
Agonists Antagonists Unknown