Nigeriako Gerra Zibila

Nigeriako Gerra Zibila
	Gerra Hotza
	Biafrako Errepublika independentea 1967ko ekainean
Data	1967ko uztailaren 6a–1970eko urtarrilaren 15a
Lekua	Biafra
Emaitza	Nigeriarren garaipena
Gudulariak
Nigeria; Arabiar Errepublika Batua (aireko laguntza); Laguntza: Ameriketako Estatu Batuak ; Erresuma Batua ; Sobietar Batasuna ; Bulgaria ; Etiopiako Inperioa ; Senegal ; Somalia ; Sierra Leona ; Kamerun ; Niger ; Aljeria ; Siria ; Saudi Arabia ;	Biafra; Laguntza: Frantzia ; Israel ; Portugal ; Hegoafrika ; Rhodesia ; Haiti ; Italia ; Egoitza Santua ; Txina ; Jugoslavia ; Kanada ; Gabon ; Boli Kosta ; Mendebaldeko Alemania ; Tanzania ;
Buruzagiak
Yakubu Gowon; Murtala Mohammed; Benjamin Adekunle; Olusegun Obasanjo; Mohammed Shuwa; E.A. Etuk; Shehu Musa Yar'Adua; Theophilus Danjuma; Ibrahim Haruna; Ipoola Alani Akinrinade; Ted Hamman†; Muhammadu Buhari; Ibrahim Babangida; Isaac Adaka Boro†; Idris Garba; Mustafa Shalaby El Hennawy	Odumegwu Ojukwu; Philip Effiong; Alexander Madiebo; Albert Okonkwo; Victor Banjo ; Ogbugo Kalu; Joseph Achuzie; Azum Asoya; Mike Inveso; Timothy Onwuatuegwu†; Rolf Steiner; Festus Akagha; Lynn Garrison; Taffy Williams; Jonathan Uchendu; Ogbo Oji; Humphrey Chukwuka; H.M. Njoku
Indarra
85.000-150.000 (1967); 200.000-250.000 (1970)	10.000-100.000 (1967); 50.000-100.000 (1970)

Nigeriako Gerra Zibila - arruntean Biafrako Gerra deitua - 1967ko uztailaren 7tik 1970eko urtarrilaren 15era artean Nigeriako gobernua eta Biafrako estatu sezesionista artean izandako gatazkari ematen zaion izena da. Biafra igbo herriaren aldarrikapen nazionalista izan zen, iparraldetik zuzendutako gobernu federalak zapalduta zegoena. Nigeriaren deskolonizazioak 1960 eta 1963 artean eragindako tirabira politiko, ekonomiko, etniko, kultural eta erlijiosoek gatazka sortu zuten baina 1966ko estatu-kolpeak, kontraerasoak eta iparraldeko Nigerian bizi ziren igboen aurkako pogromak zuzeneko txinpartak izan ziren. Gainera Nigerren deltako petrolio ustiapenak garrantzi estrategikoa izan zuen.

Handik urtebetera, gobernu federalak Biafra inguratu, petrolioaren azpiegituraz arduratu eta Port Harcourt hiria hartu zuen. Blokeoak gosetea eragin zuen eta, gerran zehar, 100.000 militar hiltzeaz gain 500.000 eta 2 milioi arteko briafar zibil ere gosez hil ziren.^[13]

1968. urterako, elikatu gabeko briafar irudiak mendebaldeko hedabideetan zabaldu eta cause célèbre bilakatu zen, gobernuz kanpoko erakundeek emari asko lortuz. Erresuma Batuak eta Sobietar Batasunak Lagosko gobernua babestu zuten; Frantziak, Israelek eta beste herrialdeek, berriz, Biafraren alde egin zuten. Egungo Nigeriak oraindik gerraren ondorioak pairatzen ditu.

Erreferentziak

↑ The Literary Magazine - the Biafra War and the Age of Pestilence by Herbert Ekwe Ekwe. .
↑ Draper, Michael I.. Shadows : Airlift and Airwar in Biafra and Nigeria 1967–1970. ISBN 1-902109-63-5..
↑ https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/nixon/e5/c15646.htm
↑ Nigeria Since Independence: The First Twenty-five Years : International Relations. , 204 or..
↑ (Ingelesez) Sadleman, Stephen. (2000). The Ties That Divide. , 86 or..
↑ Tucker, Spencer C.. The Roots and Consequences of Civil Wars and Revolutions: Conflicts that Changed World History. ISBN 9781440842948..
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e The Biafran War, Nigerian History, Nigerian Civil War. .
↑ (Ingelesez) United With Israel. (2013-10-13). Biafran Airlift: Israel’s Secret Mission to Save Lives. Press, Eitan.
↑ The USSR in Third World Conflicts: Soviet Arms and Diplomacy in Local Wars 1945–1980. , 91 or..
↑ Griffin. (2015). French military policy in the Nigerian Civil War. , 122 or..
↑ Republic of Biafra 1967-1970. .
↑ MacDonald, Malcolm. (1995). Bringing an End to Empire. , 416 or..
↑ American University: ICE Case Studies. (1997). ICE Case Studies: The Biafran War. American University.

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