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Gelişimsel plastisite

Kafatasının içinde olan Beyinin üç boyutlu görüntüsü

Gelişimsel plastisite, gelişim sırasında çevresel etkileşimlerin bir sonucu olarak sinir bağlantılarında meydana gelen değişikliklerin yanı sıra öğrenim süreci sırasında uyarılan nöral değişimler için kullanılan genel bir terim. Nöroplastisite veya beyin plastisitesine benzer şekilde, gelişimsel plastisite terimi özellikle gelişim süreçlerinin bir sonucu olarak nöronlar ve sinaptik bağlantılarda meydana gelen değişimler için kullanılır.

Merkezi sinir sistemi, gelişim sırasında endojen veya eksojen faktörlerin yanı sıra öğrenme deneyimleri yoluyla bilgi edinir. Bilgilerin edinimi ve depolanmasında merkezi sinir sisteminin plastik yapısı, yeni bilgi ve deneyimleri karşılamak için gelişimsel plastisite ile sonuçlanan mevcut sinirsel bağlantıların alışımını ve uyumunu sağlar. Gelişimi sırasında ortaya çıkan bu plastisite formu üç baskın mekanizmanın bir sonucudur:

  • Sinaptik plastisite[1]
  • Homeostatik plastisite[2]
  • Öğrenme.[3]

Dipnotlar

  1. ^ Foehring RC, Lorenzon NM. Neuromodulation, Development and Synaptic Plasticity. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology 1999; 53:45-61.
  2. ^ Butz M, Worgotter F, van Ooyen A. Activity-dependent Structural Plasticity. Brain Research Reviews 2009; 60:287-305.
  3. ^ Bennett EL, Diamond MC, Krech D, Rosenzweig MR. Chang F-LF, Greenough WT. Lateralized effects of monocular and anatomical plasticity of brain. Science 1964;146:610–619.

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