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Kastelnovo Kuşatması

Kastelnovo Kuşatması
1537-1540 Osmanlı-Venedik Savaşı ve 1515-1577 Osmanlı-İspanya Savaşı

16. yüzyılda Kastelnovo Kalesi
Tarih18 Temmuz-10 Ağustos 1539
Bölge
Sonuç Kesin Osmanlı zaferi
Coğrafi
Değişiklikler
Kastelnovo yeniden Osmanlı topraklarına katıldı
Taraflar
Osmanlı İmparatorluğu Osmanlı İmparatorluğu İspanya İspanyol İmparatorluğu
Komutanlar ve liderler
Osmanlı İmparatorluğu Barbaros Hayreddin Paşa
Osmanlı İmparatorluğu Deli Hüsrev Paşa
Osmanlı İmparatorluğu Turgut Reis
Osmanlı İmparatorluğu Barbaroszade Hasan Paşa
İspanya Francisco de Sarmiento  (ölü)
Güçler
25-30.000 6.000
Kayıplar
1.000-1.500 ölü 6.000 ölü

Kastelnovo Kuşatması, 1537-1540 Osmanlı-Venedik Savaşı'nda evre, Osmanlı Devleti'nin bir yıl önce Kutsal İttifak bünyesindeki İspanya Krallığı'nın eline geçmiş olan kaleyi 1539 yılında Barbaros Hayreddin Paşa komutasındaki Türk donanmasının kuşatması sonucunda geri aldığı askeri çarpışma.

Kuşatma öncesi

Osmanlı donanmasının Preveze zaferinden sonra Kutsal İttifak donanmasının ayakta kalan kısmı Andrea Doria komutasında Osmanlı kalesi Kastelnovo'yu işgal etti ve 6.000 kişilik bir garnizon bıraktı.

Kuşatma

Müteakip yıl kale Barbaros Hayreddin Paşa komutasındaki Osmanlı donanması tarafından denizden ve Rumeli Beylerbeyi Deli Hüsrev Paşa tarafından ise karadan kuşatıldı. 13 Temmuz 1539'da kalenin önüne ulaşan Osmanlı donanmasında Turgut Reis ve Barbaroszade Hasan Paşa gibi usta denizciler de bulunuyordu. Kuşatma 20 Temmuz'da başladı. 3 hafta süren yoğun bombardıman sonucunda kalenin surları bir hayli hasar gördü ve karadan hücum sonucunda Osmanlı ordusu 10 Ağustos 1539'da ele geçirdi.[1] Kuşatma sonucunda 100 kişi haricinde tüm İspanyol garnizonu imha edilmişti (sözkonusu kuşatmada Osmanlıların tarihlerindeki en ağır yenilgilerinde dahi vermedikleri kayba uğradıklarını iddia eden sayılar [20.000 ölü gibi] muteber kaynaklarda yeralmamaktadır. Örneğin çağdaş Venedik/Papalık kaynakları da Osmanlıların 1.500 ölü verdiklerini kaydetmektedir[2]).

Kuşatma sonrası

Kastelnovo'nun geri alınışıyla Osmanlı İmparatorluğu 1537-1540 Osmanlı-Venedik Savaşı'nın Dalmaçya cephesinde de üstünlük sağladı ve 20 Ekim 1540'ta Venedik'le imzaladığı barış antlaşmasıyla savaştan muzaffer çıktı.

Kastelnovo'nun 1538'de işgali İspanya Krallığı'nın Osmanlılarla yürüttüğü savaşta Doğu Akdeniz'e yönelik son harekâtı oldu. Osmanlılar 1539'daki zaferleriyle Kastelnovo kalesini aldıktan sonra İspanyollarla mücadelelerini Batı Akdeniz'e taşıdılar.

Kaynakça

  1. ^ "Türkiye Tarihi", Yılmaz Öztuna, c.6, Hayat, İstanbul (1964), s.15
  2. ^ "Venedik'teki Papalık Sefareti Belgelerine Göre Türkler" (1533-1569), Prof. Dr. Muzaffer Arıkan & Dr. Paulino Toledo, s.391

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