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Demografia da Namíbia

Evolução da população
(Censo 2011)[1]
Ano População
1921 228.910
1936 320.450
1946 362.460
1951 439.080
1970 761.010
1981 1.033.000
1991 1.409.000
2001 1.830.330
2011 2.113.007
Crianças em Khorixas, centro da Namíbia

A demografia da Namíbia reflete a diversidade populacional desse país do sudoeste da África, cuja população foi estimada em 2.113.077 pessoas no censo de 2011.[1] Desse total, 1.091.165 eram mulheres e 1.021.912 homens, com taxa anual de crescimento populacional de 1,4%.[1] O número de pessoas vivendo em áreas urbanas estimou-se em 43%, enquanto 57% viviam na zona rural.[1]

Dados gerais

A população da Namíbia é em sua maioria negra, em especial da etnia Ovambo, que compõe cerca de metade da população. Existem grandes grupos, como Namas e San, cuja aparência difere significativamente do estereótipo físico negroide. Outro importante grupo são os Rehoboth Basters, povo interracial originário da fusão entre holandeses e africanos Khoi.

Os brancos formam cerca de 6% da população, que é uma das mais elevadas proporções na África subsaariana, sendo a maioria de ascendência sul-africana, havendo ainda comunidades de origem alemã, britânica, portuguesa, francesa e libanesa.

Línguas

Multilinguismo

Enquanto a língua oficial é o inglês, a língua-mãe da maioria da população de origem africana é, contudo, o cuanhama (49%) ou uma das demais línguas autóctones, como nama-damara (11%), kavango (9%) e Otjiherero (9%), entre outras.[2]

Christuskirche, Igreja Luterana de Windhoek

A maior parte da população branca fala ou africânder ou alemão, línguas que eram ambas oficiais até a independência do país em 1990.[2]

Imigração luso-angolana

Em virtude do afluxo de ex-colonos portugueses na época de Independência de Angola, assim como de angolanos fugindo de seu país durante o período da Guerra Civil Angolana, o português também é falado, em especial no centro–norte do país.[3] Além disso, por causa da extensa fronteira com Angola e da participação como observador da CPLP, desde 2012 o português é também disciplina oficial em várias escolas públicas do país, e em 2015 havia 21 estabelecimentos de ensino e 1.616 alunos aprendendo o idioma.[4]

De acordo com dados oficiais do Ministério das Relações Exteriores de Angola, em agosto de 2016 mais de 50 mil cidadãos angolanos estavam inscritos nas representações consulares do país na Namíbia, sem contar os ilegais.[3] O número de residentes de origem portuguesa era de pouco mais de dois mil em dezembro de 2015.[5]

Religião

O cristianismo é o principal credo, com a Igreja Luterana a ser primeira entre as igrejas.[6]

Referências

  1. ↑ a b c d Administração. governamental (2011). «Censo populacional». Sítio oficial do Governo da Namíbia. Consultado em 9 de novembro de 2016. Arquivado do original em 10 de abril de 2013 
  2. ↑ a b Adm. do sítio web (2016). «Namibia – languages». Ethnologue – languages of the World. Consultado em 9 de novembro de 2016 
  3. ↑ a b Helter Caculo (5 de agosto de 2016). «Crise de angola estende-se a namíbia». O País. Consultado em 9 de novembro de 2016 
  4. ↑ Adm. do sítio web. «Centro de Língua Portuguesa – Camões, I.P». Embaixada de Portugal na Namíbia. Consultado em 10 de novembro de 2016 
  5. ↑ Da redação (20 de março de 2010). «Namíbia assinala 20 anos de independência». Diário de Notícias. Consultado em 9 de novembro de 2016 
  6. ↑ Adm. do sítio web (2012). «Luteranismo – Igraja Luterana». Public Encyclopedia Services Home Page. Consultado em 9 de novembro de 2016 

Ligações externas

∗ Comunidade portuguesa na Namíbia tem crescido nos últimos anos

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