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Hasan bin Zeyd

Hasan bin Zeyyîd bin Hasan ile karıştırılmamalıdır.
Hasan bin Zeyd’ûl-Alevî ile karıştırılmamalıdır.
Makale serilerinden
Allah
İmâmet İnancı
Şiîliğin bayram, mâtem ve anı günleri
Şiiliğin tarihi
İmâmî Mezhepler
Ehl-i Abâ Hadisi
Kutsal kadınlar

El-Dâî'Kebîr Hâlife Hasan bin Zeyyid Tam adı: El-Ḥasan ibn Zeyyîd ibn Muḥammed ibn Ismā‘il ibn el-Ḥasan ibn Zeyyîd bin Hasan el-Mûctebâ bin Ali el-Mûrtezâ (Arapça: الحسن بن زيد بن محمد; ö. 6 Ocak 884), el-Da‘î el-Kebîr (Arapça: داعي الكبير, "En büyük dâvetçi"), Ali el-Mûrtezâ'nın neslinden olup Taberistan'daki Alavîler Zeydî Hânedanlığı'nın kurucusu olmuştur.[1] Deylem-Taberistan-Gürgan bölgesi ve Türkistan'da "El-Dâî’Kebîr Hâlife – İmâm Bil’Hâkk" nâmıyla ün salmıştır.[2]

Alevîler’in Taberistan’da yayılmaları

Hicrî 98 / M. 717 yılında “Yezid bin Mühelleb” Taberistan, Cürcan ve etrafındaki şehirleri fethettikten sonra bu muhitlerde Abbâsîler'den El-Mansur devrine kadar sürekli olarak kırk sene boyunca Alevîlik propagandaları yürütüldü.

Mecûsî-Sinbâd’îyye fırkasının zuhuru

Hicrî 138 / M. 756 yılında ise Sinbâd (Sünbâd/Sonpâth) adındaki bir Mecûsî İslâm âkideleri üzerinde bozguncu etkiler yaratan ve pek çok kişiyi peşinden sürükleyen yeni bir mezhep ortaya attı.[2]

Ayrıca bakınız: Keysân’îyye, Ebû Mûslim Horasanî, Sinbâd, Mazdekçilik ve El-Mukannaʿ

Sekizinci asrın sonlarında Taberistan'daki Alevîlik fa'aliyetleri

M. 785 yılında “Ali Zeyn el-Âb’ı-Dîn’in torunu Hasan bin Zeyd’ûl-Alevî” Taberistan’da “Hanedân-ı Ehl-i Beyt” nâmına Alevîlik faaliyetlerine başlamış ve “Rüstemdarlar’dan Feridun’un oğlu Bâdüsyân” da dahil olmak üzere etrafına pek çok itibâr sahibi soyluları çekmeği başarmıştı.

Ayrıca bakınız: İmâmet, Ali Zeyn el-Âb’ı-Dîn, Zeyd bin Ali, Zeydîlik ve Hasan bin Zeyd’ûl-Alevî

El-Dâî’Kebîr Hâlife – İmâm Bil’Hâkk “Hasan bin Zeyyid” İsyânı

Dokuzuncu asrın sonlarına yaklaşıldığı devirlerde Abd’ûl-Lâh bin Tâhir’in Oğlu Muhammed’in dirliği olan Deylem-Taberistan kıt’ası, onun nâmına “Câbir bin Hârun” adındaki Hristiyan kâtibi tarafından yönetilmekteydi. Bu adamın yaptığı mezâlime tahammül edemeyen Taberistanlılar, Alevîler’den bir önderin etrafında teşkilâtlandılar. Bu yeni önderin daha deneyimli olan ve Cürcan’da yaşayan Hasan bin Zeyyid’i tavsiye etmesi üzerine ise, harekâtı yönetmek için Zeyyid’i Taberistan’a davet ederek “El-Dâî’Kebîr Hâlife ve İmâm Bil’Hâkk” ünvânı ile Hicrî 250 / M. 864 yılının Ramazan ayında kendisine biât ettiler.[1] Bu gelişmeler neticesinde Abbâsîler’in Taberistan valisi olan “Süleyman bin Tâhir” firar etmek zorunda kaldı. Etrafa mektuplar yollayan “Hasan bin Zeyyid” bu muhitlerdeki halkı kendisine biât etmeğe dâvet etti. Mülûk Bâvendîyye’den “Şehrîyâr” bu dâvete icâbet edenlerin başında gelmekteydi.

Ayrıca bakınız: Tahirîler, Deylem, Taberistan, Gürgan ve Alavîler

Kaynakça

  1. ^ a b Buhl, Fr. (1986). "al-Ḥasan b. Zayd b. al-Ḥasan". The Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume III: H–Iram. Leiden, and New York: BRILL. ss. 245-246. ISBN 90-04-08118-6. 
  2. ^ a b Balcıoğlu, Tahir Harimî, Mezhep Cereyanları – Alevîler’in mühim fa’aliyete geçmeleri ve Türkistan’a Alevî dâîlerinin yayılmaları, Sayfa 50, Hilmi Ziyâ Neşriyâtı, Ahmet Sait Tab’ı, 1940.

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